How to format your references using the Journal of Population Ageing citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Population Ageing. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Oullier, O. (2013). Behavioural insights are vital to policy-making. Nature, 501(7468), 463.

A journal article with 2 authors

Zarur, A. J., & Ying, J. Y. (2000). Reverse microemulsion synthesis of nanostructured complex oxides for catalytic combustion. Nature, 403(6765), 65–67.

A journal article with 3 authors

Qvarnström, A., Brommer, J. E., & Gustafsson, L. (2006). Testing the genetics underlying the co-evolution of mate choice and ornament in the wild. Nature, 441(7089), 84–86.

A journal article with 8 or more authors

Jo, G.-B., Lee, Y.-R., Choi, J.-H., Christensen, C. A., Kim, T. H., Thywissen, J. H., et al. (2009). Itinerant ferromagnetism in a Fermi gas of ultracold atoms. Science (New York, N.Y.), 325(5947), 1521–1524.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Geng, H. (2014). Data Center Handbook. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

An edited book

Sansour, C., & Skatulla, S. (Eds.). (2012). Generalized Continua and Dislocation Theory: Theoretical Concepts, Computational Methods and Experimental Verification (Vol. 537). Vienna: Springer.

A chapter in an edited book

Brooks, G. R., & George, S. S. (2015). Flooding, Structural Flood Control Measures, and Recent Geomorphic Research along the Red River, Manitoba, Canada. In P. F. Hudson & H. Middelkoop (Eds.), Geomorphic Approaches to Integrated Floodplain Management of Lowland Fluvial Systems in North America and Europe (pp. 87–117). New York, NY: Springer.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Population Ageing.

Blog post

Andrew, D. (2016, November 4). When ‘Energy’ Drinks Actually Contained Radioactive Energy. IFLScience. IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/when-energy-drinks-actually-contained-radioactive-energy/. Accessed 30 October 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. (2003). Response to the Department of Education’s Request to Reconsider the High-Risk Designation of Federal Student Aid Programs (No. GAO-03-885R). Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Zellner, K. M. (2008). An examination of grade distribution patterns and grade inflation at a baccalaureate nursing program (Doctoral dissertation). Capella University, Minneapolis, MN.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Coll, S. (2017, August 15). Mystery at the Museum. New York Times, p. BR18.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Oullier 2013).
This sentence cites two references (Oullier 2013; Zarur and Ying 2000).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Zarur and Ying 2000)
Three or more authors: (Jo et al. 2009)

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Population Ageing
Abbreviation	J. Popul. Ageing
ISSN (print)	1874-7884
ISSN (online)	1874-7876
Scope	Geography, Planning and Development Sociology and Political Science Demography