How to format your references using the Journal of Population Ageing citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Population Ageing. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Bargmann, C. I. (2006). Comparative chemosensation from receptors to ecology. Nature, 444(7117), 295–301.

A journal article with 2 authors

Higgins, A. M., & Jones, R. A. (2000). Anisotropic spinodal dewetting as a route to self-assembly of patterned surfaces. Nature, 404(6777), 476–478.

A journal article with 3 authors

Golding, N. L., Staff, N. P., & Spruston, N. (2002). Dendritic spikes as a mechanism for cooperative long-term potentiation. Nature, 418(6895), 326–331.

A journal article with 8 or more authors

Carosio, S., Barberi, L., Rizzuto, E., Nicoletti, C., Del Prete, Z., & Musarò, A. (2013). Generation of eX vivo-vascularized Muscle Engineered Tissue (X-MET). Scientific reports, 3, 1420.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Hansen, K. L., & Zenobia, K. E. (2011). Civil Engineer’s Handbook of Professional Practice. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

An edited book

Alkassar, A., & Volkamer, M. (Eds.). (2007). E-Voting and Identity: First International Conference, VOTE-ID 2007, Bochum, Germany, October 4-5, 2007, Revised Selected Papers (Vol. 4896). Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer.

A chapter in an edited book

Biglia, B. (2011). Feminisms and Psychology in the Contemporary Spanish State. In A. Rutherford, R. Capdevila, V. Undurti, & I. Palmary (Eds.), Handbook of International Feminisms: Perspectives on Psychology, Women, Culture, and Rights (pp. 83–107). New York, NY: Springer.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Population Ageing.

Blog post

Carpineti, A. (2016, October 21). Seasons On Titan Have A Dramatic Effect On Its Atmosphere. IFLScience. IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/space/seasons-on-titan-have-a-dramatic-effect-on-its-atmosphere/. Accessed 30 October 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. (1993). Urban Transportation: Issues Related to the South Corridor Study (No. RCED-93-195BR). Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Greenfield Pace, J. A. (2016). The influence of accountability and commitment on team performance of airline flight crews (Doctoral dissertation). Capella University, Minneapolis, MN.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Kishkovsky, S. (2000, December 20). Surviving With the Moscow Symphony on $5 a Day. New York Times, p. E2.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Bargmann 2006).
This sentence cites two references (Bargmann 2006; Higgins and Jones 2000).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Higgins and Jones 2000)
Three or more authors: (Carosio et al. 2013)

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Population Ageing
Abbreviation	J. Popul. Ageing
ISSN (print)	1874-7884
ISSN (online)	1874-7876
Scope	Geography, Planning and Development Sociology and Political Science Demography