How to format your references using the Journal of Plant Ecology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Plant Ecology (JPE). For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Lodders K (2004) Astronomy. Brown dwarfs--faint at heart, rich in chemistry. Science 303:323–324.

A journal article with 2 authors

Iijima N, Iwasaki A (2014) T cell memory. A local macrophage chemokine network sustains protective tissue-resident memory CD4 T cells. Science 346:93–98.

A journal article with 3 authors

Chklovskii DB, Mel BW, Svoboda K (2004) Cortical rewiring and information storage. Nature 431:782–788.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Moro K, Yamada T, Tanabe M, et al. (2010) Innate production of T(H)2 cytokines by adipose tissue-associated c-Kit(+)Sca-1(+) lymphoid cells. Nature 463:540–544.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Lyatkher VM, Proudovsky AM (2016) Hydraulic Modeling. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

An edited book

Bringas PG, Hameurlain A, Quirchmayr G (eds) (2010) Database and Expert Systems Applications: 21th International Conference, DEXA 2010, Bilbao, Spain, August 30 - September 3, 2010, Proceedings, Part II. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer.

A chapter in an edited book

Cowan G, Smith P, Christofilogiannis P (2016) Fish Vaccines: The Regulatory Process and Requirements from the Laboratory Bench to a Final Commercial Product, Including Field Trials. In A Adams (ed). Fish Vaccines. Basel: Springer, 105–118.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Plant Ecology.

Blog post

Carpineti A (2016) IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/a-potential-answer-to-why-life-needs-water/ (30 October 2018, date last accessed).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (1998) Agreed-Upon Procedures: Excise Taxes. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Asare KB (2016) Understanding the Transformational Leadership Practices of Colleges of Education Principals. Doctoral dissertation. Northcentral University.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Alvarez L, Santora M (2017) 25 Years Later, the Hard Lessons of Hurricane Andrew Still Guide Florida. New York Times A14.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Lodders 2004).
This sentence cites two references (Lodders 2004; Iijima and Iwasaki 2014).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Iijima and Iwasaki 2014)
Three or more authors: (Moro et al. 2010)

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Plant Ecology
ISSN (print)	1752-9921
ISSN (online)	1752-993X
Scope	Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics Plant Science Ecology