How to format your references using the Journal of Physics G: Nuclear and Particle Physics citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Physics G: Nuclear and Particle Physics. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

Smith C 2005 Genomics: getting down to details Nature 435 991–4

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

Meehl G A and Tebaldi C 2004 More intense, more frequent, and longer lasting heat waves in the 21st century Science 305 994–7

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

Babu M M, Kriwacki R W and Pappu R V 2012 Structural biology. Versatility from protein disorder Science 337 1460–1

A journal article with 99 or more authors

[1]

Zaller J G, Heigl F, Ruess L and Grabmaier A 2014 Glyphosate herbicide affects belowground interactions between earthworms and symbiotic mycorrhizal fungi in a model ecosystem Sci. Rep. 4 5634

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

Bitton G 2010 Wastewater Microbiology (Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.)

An edited book

[1]

Gupta K J and Igamberdiev A U 2015 Reactive Oxygen and Nitrogen Species Signaling and Communication in Plants vol 23 (Cham: Springer International Publishing)

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

Nafz F, Seebach H, Steghöfer J-P, Anders G and Reif W 2011 Constraining Self-organisation Through Corridors of Correct Behaviour: The Restore Invariant Approach Organic Computing — A Paradigm Shift for Complex Systems ed C Müller-Schloer, H Schmeck and T Ungerer (Basel: Springer) pp 79–93

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Physics G: Nuclear and Particle Physics.

Blog post

[1]

Evans K 2016 Burning Less Coal Means Less Mercury In Your Sushi IFLScience

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office 1982 The Impact of Budget Cuts on Three Directorates of the National Science Foundation (Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office)

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

Lincoln J J 2010 Creating a lesson that addresses gender differences in physics testing a specific instructional technique in college level physics education Doctoral dissertation (Long Beach, CA: California State University, Long Beach)

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

Walsh M W 2012 Moody’s Downgrade Deepens Puerto Rico’s Economic Problems New York Times B9

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Physics G: Nuclear and Particle Physics
Abbreviation	J. Phys. G Nucl. Part. Phys.
ISSN (print)	0954-3899
ISSN (online)	1361-6471
Scope	Nuclear and High Energy Physics