How to format your references using the Journal of Pharmacological Sciences citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Pharmacological Sciences. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Scharmer G. Astronomy. Sunspot flows and filaments. Science. 2009;325(5937):155-156.

A journal article with 2 authors

Keightley PD, Otto SP. Interference among deleterious mutations favours sex and recombination in finite populations. Nature. 2006;443(7107):89-92.

A journal article with 3 authors

Bates ME, Simmons JA, Zorikov TV. Bats use echo harmonic structure to distinguish their targets from background clutter. Science. 2011;333(6042):627-630.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Dixon JE, Leist L, Langmuir C, Schilling JG. Recycled dehydrated lithosphere observed in plume-influenced mid-ocean-ridge basalt. Nature. 2002;420(6914):385-389.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Williams DL. Ophthalmology of Exotic Pets. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.; 2012.

An edited book

Eskes C, Whelan M, eds. Validation of Alternative Methods for Toxicity Testing. Vol 856. Springer International Publishing; 2016.

A chapter in an edited book

Kunusch C, Puleston P, Mayosky M. Assessment of SOSM Techniques Applied to Fuel Cells. Case Study: Electric Vehicle Stoichiometry Control. In: Puleston P, Mayosky M, eds. Sliding-Mode Control of PEM Fuel Cells. Advances in Industrial Control. Springer; 2012:73-103.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Pharmacological Sciences.

Blog post

Fang J. World’s Oldest Broken Bone Pushes Back Our Transition to Land by Two Million Years. IFLScience. May 27, 2015. Accessed October 30, 2018. https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/worlds-oldest-broken-bone-pushes-back-our-transition-land-two-million-years/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Aviation Security: DHS Has Taken Steps to Enhance International Aviation Security and Facilitate Compliance with International Standards, but Challenges Remain. U.S. Government Printing Office; 2010.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Turney JJ. Police Supervisory Attributes That Influence Attitude towards Critical Incident Stress Management Programs. Doctoral dissertation. Capella University; 2014.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Crow K. Sealed Since ’88, A Condo Garage May Soon See Some Daylight. New York Times. May 6, 2001:144.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in superscript:

This sentence cites one reference ¹.
This sentence cites two references ^1,2.
This sentence cites four references ^1–4.

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Pharmacological Sciences
ISSN (print)	1347-8613
Scope