How to format your references using the Journal of Pharmacological and Toxicological Methods citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Pharmacological and Toxicological Methods. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Spergel, D. N. (2015). The dark side of cosmology: dark matter and dark energy. Science (New York, N.Y.), 347(6226), 1100–1102.

A journal article with 2 authors

Klein, D. J., & Ferré-D’Amaré, A. R. (2006). Structural basis of glmS ribozyme activation by glucosamine-6-phosphate. Science (New York, N.Y.), 313(5794), 1752–1756.

A journal article with 3 authors

Li, M., Butka, E., & Wang, X. (2014). Comprehensive quantification of triacylglycerols in soybean seeds by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry with multiple neutral loss scans. Scientific Reports, 4, 6581.

A journal article with 21 or more authors

Capoccioni, F., Costa, C., Canali, E., Aguzzi, J., Antonucci, F., Ragonese, S., & Bianchini, M. L. (2014). The potential reproductive contribution of Mediterranean migrating eels to the Anguilla anguilla stock. Scientific Reports, 4, 7188.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

You, H., Jianjuan, X., & Xin, G. (2016). Radar Data Processing with Applications. John Wiley &;#38; Sons Singapore Pte. Ltd.

An edited book

Wong, C. P., Moon, K.-S., & Li, Y. (grace) (Eds.). (2010). Nano-Bio- Electronic, Photonic and MEMS Packaging (1st ed.). Springer US.

A chapter in an edited book

Bearss, N. (2010). Access and Utilization of Health Care. In C. S. Clauss-Ehlers (Ed.), Encyclopedia of Cross-Cultural School Psychology (pp. 72–73). Springer US.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Pharmacological and Toxicological Methods.

Blog post

Fang, J. (2015, May 27). New Vaccines Could Protect Poultry and Humans from Bird Flu. IFLScience; IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/new-vaccines-could-protect-chickens-turkeys-and-us-bird-flu/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. (1998). FWS: Migratory Bird Hunting--Late Seasons and Bag Possession Limits for Certain Migratory Game Birds (OGC-99-19). U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Staal, J. (2017). The Relationships Among Sleep Quality, Frailty, and Falls in Older Adults Residing in the Community [Doctoral dissertation]. Florida Atlantic University.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Barron, J. (2017, October 8). For Architect, Making A Calmer Restaurant Was Very Stressful. New York Times, A21.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Spergel, 2015).
This sentence cites two references (Klein & Ferré-D’Amaré, 2006; Spergel, 2015).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Klein & Ferré-D’Amaré, 2006)
Three or more authors: (Capoccioni et al., 2014)

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Pharmacological and Toxicological Methods
Abbreviation	J. Pharmacol. Toxicol. Methods
ISSN (print)	1056-8719
Scope	Pharmacology Toxicology