How to format your references using the Journal of Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Dalton R (2001) Transgenic corn found growing in Mexico. Nature 413:337

A journal article with 2 authors

Pienitz R, Vincent WF (2000) Effect of climate change relative to ozone depletion on UV exposure in subarctic lakes. Nature 404:484–487

A journal article with 3 authors

Bueno JT, Shchukina N, Ramos AA (2004) A substantial amount of hidden magnetic energy in the quiet Sun. Nature 430:326–329

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Zhao Y-Y, Inoue A, Chang C, et al (2014) Composition effect on intrinsic plasticity or brittleness in metallic glasses. Sci Rep 4:5733

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Thornicroft G, Semrau M, Alem A, et al (2011) Community Mental Health. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, Chichester, UK

An edited book

Block DL (2008) Shrouds of the Night: Masks of the Milky Way and Our Awesome New View of Galaxies. Springer, New York, NY

A chapter in an edited book

Berr F, Uraoka T, Ponchon T, Yahagi N (2014) Endoscopic Detection and Analysis of Mucosal Neoplastic Lesions: Enhanced Imaging and Tumor Morphology. In: Berr F, Oyama T, Ponchon T, Yahagi N (eds) Early Neoplasias of the Gastrointestinal Tract: Endoscopic Diagnosis and Therapeutic Decisions. Springer US, Boston, MA, pp 49–70

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics.

Blog post

Carpineti A (2017) New Evidence That The Universe Is Expanding Faster Than We Expected. In: IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/space/new-evidence-that-the-universe-is-expanding-faster-than-we-expected/. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (1983) Better Use of Information Technology Can Reduce the Burden of Federal Paperwork. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Harris RH (2017) Comparing the Effects of Traditional Face-to-face, Technology-Based, and Blended Instructional Strategies in a Post-Secondary Spanish Language Learning Environment. Doctoral dissertation, Northcentral University

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Knight M (2013) Ms. Ubiquity. New York Times MM32

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1, 2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics
Abbreviation	J. Pharmacokinet. Pharmacodyn.
ISSN (print)	1567-567X
ISSN (online)	1573-8744
Scope	Pharmacology