How to format your references using the Journal of Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Kaiser J (2000) ECOLOGY: When Do Many Species Matter? Science 289:1283

A journal article with 2 authors

Willis KJ, Whittaker RJ (2002) Ecology. Species diversity--scale matters. Science 295:1245–1248

A journal article with 3 authors

Gómez JM, Verdú M, Perfectti F (2010) Ecological interactions are evolutionarily conserved across the entire tree of life. Nature 465:918–921

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Zhang L, Meng W-Q, Lu L, et al (2014) Selective detection of endogenous H₂S in living cells and the mouse hippocampus using a ratiometric fluorescent probe. Sci Rep 4:5870

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Richards SA, Hollerton JC (2010) Essential Practical NMR for Organic Chemistry. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, Chichester, UK

An edited book

Busch P (2016) Quantum Measurement. Springer International Publishing, Cham

A chapter in an edited book

Jackson IL, Rubin P, Hadley C, Vujaskovic Z (2014) Molecular Mechanisms of Radiation Induced Injury. In: Rubin P, Constine LS, Marks LB (eds) ALERT - Adverse Late Effects of Cancer Treatment: Volume 1: General Concepts and Specific Precepts. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, pp 41–51

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics.

Blog post

Andrew E (2014) How Small Birds Evolved From Giant Meat Eating Dinosaurs. In: IFLScience. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (1998) [Comments on the Federal Communications Commission’s Implementation of Section 254(h) of the Communications Act of 1934]. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Graves IS (2010) Positioning of Fifth Grade Students in Small-Group Settings: Naming Participation in Discussion-Based Mathematics. Doctoral dissertation, Indiana University

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Wagner J (2017) Still Standing, if Barely Upright, Cubs Face a Quick Turnaround. New York Times SP7

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1, 2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics
Abbreviation	J. Pharmacokinet. Pharmacodyn.
ISSN (print)	1567-567X
ISSN (online)	1573-8744
Scope	Pharmacology