How to format your references using the Journal of Pharmaceutical Policy and Practice citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Pharmaceutical Policy and Practice. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

1. Hyman SE. Perspective: Revealing molecular secrets. Nature. 2014;508:S20.

A journal article with 2 authors

1. Alkhatib A, Nayfeh A. A complete physical germanium-on-silicon quantum dot self-assembly process. Sci Rep. 2013;3:2099.

A journal article with 3 authors

1. Richards-Dinger K, Stein RS, Toda S. Decay of aftershock density with distance does not indicate triggering by dynamic stress. Nature. 2010;467:583–6.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

1. Tsuno S, Wang X, Shomori K, Hasegawa J, Miura N. Hsa-miR-520d induces hepatoma cells to form normal liver tissues via a stemness-mediated process. Sci Rep. 2014;4:3852.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

1. Stefanoiu D, Borne P, Popescu D, Filip FG, El Kamel A. Optimization in Engineering Sciences: Approximate and Metaheuristic Methods. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 2014.

An edited book

1. Traum D, Swartout W, Khooshabeh P, Kopp S, Scherer S, Leuski A, editors. Intelligent Virtual Agents: 16th International Conference, IVA 2016, Los Angeles, CA, USA, September 20–23, 2016, Proceedings. Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2016.

A chapter in an edited book

1. Jackson EK, Schulte W, Balasubramanian D, Karsai G. Reusing Model Transformations While Preserving Properties. In: Rosenblum DS, Taentzer G, editors. Fundamental Approaches to Software Engineering: 13th International Conference, FASE 2010, Held as Part of the Joint European Conferences on Theory and Practice of Software, ETAPS 2010, Paphos, Cyprus, March 20-28, 2010 Proceedings. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2010. p. 44–58.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Pharmaceutical Policy and Practice.

Blog post

1. Andrews R. Cats Murder More Than 80 Different Species Of American Birds And Mammals [Internet]. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2016 [cited 2018 Oct 30]. Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/cats-murder-80-different-species-american-birds-mammals/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

1. Government Accountability Office. Communications Networks: Outcome-Based Measures Would Assist DHS in Assessing Effectiveness of Cybersecurity Efforts. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 2013 Apr. Report No.: GAO-13-275.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

1. Cook EJ. Older Americans Act of 1965, Title III: A policy analysis [Doctoral dissertation]. [Long Beach, CA]: California State University, Long Beach; 2013.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

1. Crow K. One Drugstore Too Many, One Grocery Too Few? New York Times. 2000 Jul 16;145.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Pharmaceutical Policy and Practice
Abbreviation	J. Pharm. Policy Pract.
ISSN (online)	2052-3211
Scope	Health Policy General Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics