How to format your references using the Journal of Pediatric Surgery citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Pediatric Surgery. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

Osborne I. Light and Optics. Frontiers in light & optics. Introduction. Science 2015;348:514–5.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

König P, Verschure PFMJ. Neuroscience. Neurons in action. Science 2002;296:1817–8.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

Burnham D, Kitamura C, Vollmer-Conna U. What’s new, pussycat? On talking to babies and animals. Science 2002;296:1435.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

[1]

Reganold JP, Jackson-Smith D, Batie SS, Harwood RR, Kornegay JL, Bucks D, et al. Agriculture. Transforming U.S. agriculture. Science 2011;332:670–1.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

Pardoux É. Markov Processes and Applications: Algorithms, Networks, Genome and Finance. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd; 2008.

An edited book

[1]

Fusiello A, Murino V, Cucchiara R, editors. Computer Vision – ECCV 2012. Workshops and Demonstrations: Florence, Italy, October 7-13, 2012, Proceedings, Part III. vol. 7585. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2012.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

Adams JM, Wolfe JW, Ehrenfeld JM. Pharmacology of Inhalational Anesthetics. In: Ehrenfeld JM, Urman RD, Segal S, editors. Anesthesia Student Survival Guide: A Case-Based Approach, Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2016, p. 57–68.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Pediatric Surgery.

Blog post

[1]

Hamilton K. Gene-Editing Breakthrough Partially Restores Sight To Blind Rats. IFLScience 2016. https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/gene-editing-breakthrough-partially-restores-sight-to-blind-rats/ (accessed October 30, 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office. No Child Left Behind Act: Education Needs to Provide Additional Technical Assistance and Conduct Implementation Studies for School Choice Provision. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 2004.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

Osifalujo A. Code-switching in Working African Americans: Internalized Racism, Minority Status, and Organizational Commitment. Doctoral dissertation. Southern Illinois University, 2015.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

Novick SM. Elevating the Humble Wing at Sports Bars. New York Times 2015:LI11.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Pediatric Surgery
Abbreviation	J. Pediatr. Surg.
ISSN (print)	0022-3468
Scope	General Medicine Pediatrics, Perinatology, and Child Health Surgery

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