How to format your references using the Journal of Pediatric Surgery citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Pediatric Surgery. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

Botstein D. Genome-sequencing anniversary. Fruits of genome sequences for biology. Science 2011;331:1025.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

Patel MR, Shen K. RSY-1 is a local inhibitor of presynaptic assembly in C. elegans. Science 2009;323:1500–3.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

Brengues M, Teixeira D, Parker R. Movement of eukaryotic mRNAs between polysomes and cytoplasmic processing bodies. Science 2005;310:486–9.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

[1]

Kashlinsky A, Arendt RG, Mather J, Moseley SH. Tracing the first stars with fluctuations of the cosmic infrared background. Nature 2005;438:45–50.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

Mamishev A, Williams S. Technical Writing for Teams. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 2010.

An edited book

[1]

Freund F, Langhoff S, editors. Universe of Scales: From Nanotechnology to Cosmology: Symposium in Honor of Minoru M. Freund. vol. 150. Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2014.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

Knoth C, Schlichtmann U, Li B, Zhang M, Olbrich M, Acar E, et al. Methods of Parameter Variations. In: Dietrich M, Haase J, editors. Process Variations and Probabilistic Integrated Circuit Design, New York, NY: Springer; 2012, p. 91–179.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Pediatric Surgery.

Blog post

[1]

Andrew E. Boa Constrictors Don’t Actually Suffocate Their Prey To Death After All. IFLScience 2015. https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/secret-boa-constrictors-deadly-grip/ (accessed October 30, 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office. NASA Facilities: Challenges to Achieving Reductions and Efficiencies. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1996.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

Ugwu RI. Perceptions of elementary teachers from an urban school district in Southern California regarding their inquiry-based science instructional practices, assessment methods, and professional development. Doctoral dissertation. Pepperdine University, 2012.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

Hubbard B. 21 Killed in Series of Car Bomb Blasts in Syria’s Capital. New York Times 2017:A5.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Pediatric Surgery
Abbreviation	J. Pediatr. Surg.
ISSN (print)	0022-3468
Scope	General Medicine Pediatrics, Perinatology, and Child Health Surgery