How to format your references using the Journal of Pediatric Surgery citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Pediatric Surgery (JPS). For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

Heavens NG. Planetary science. Sunshine on a cloudy forecast. Science 2011;333:1832–3.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

Gibson DG, Venter JC. Synthetic biology: Construction of a yeast chromosome. Nature 2014;509:168–9.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

Watanabe H, Nebel CE, Shikata S. Isotopic homojunction band engineering from diamond. Science 2009;324:1425–8.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

[1]

Snow ES, Perkins FK, Houser EJ, et al. Chemical detection with a single-walled carbon nanotube capacitor. Science 2005;307:1942–5.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

Shelby AM, McKune CM. Small Animal Anesthesia Techniques. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd; 2014.

An edited book

[1]

Hutto C, editor. Congenital and Perinatal Infections: A Concise Guide to Diagnosis. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press; 2006.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

Popovskij V, Barkalov A, Titarenko L. Mathematical Models and Principles of Control in TCS. In: Barkalov A, Titarenko L, editors. Control and Adaptation in Telecommunication Systems: Mathematical Foundations, Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2011, p. 37–53.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Pediatric Surgery.

Blog post

[1]

Luntz S. Alien Star Passed Through Our Solar System 70,000 Years Ago. IFLScience 2015. https://www.iflscience.com/space/star-passed-less-light-year-earth/ (accessed October 30, 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office. Freight Railroad Safety: Hours of Service Changes Have Increased Rest Time, but More Can Be Done to Address Fatigue Risks. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 2011.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

Hernandez M. Successful emancipation of foster youth through the use of mentors: A grant proposal. Doctoral dissertation. California State University, Long Beach, 2014.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

Hartocollis A. Long Island College Hospital Names Choice for the Future. New York Times 2014:A24.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Pediatric Surgery
Abbreviation	J. Pediatr. Surg.
ISSN (print)	0022-3468
Scope	General Medicine Pediatrics, Perinatology, and Child Health Surgery