How to format your references using the Journal of Paleolimnology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Paleolimnology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Switzer JA (2012) Chemistry. Atomic layer electrodeposition. Science 338:1300–1301

A journal article with 2 authors

Sun J, Liu T (2006) The age of the Taklimakan Desert. Science 312:1621

A journal article with 3 authors

Babaev E, Sudbø A, Ashcroft NW (2004) A superconductor to superfluid phase transition in liquid metallic hydrogen. Nature 431:666–668

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Soma A, Onodera A, Sugahara J, et al (2007) Permuted tRNA genes expressed via a circular RNA intermediate in Cyanidioschyzon merolae. Science 318:450–453

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Costa PJ (2017) Applied Mathematics for the Analysis of Biomedical Data. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ

An edited book

Marcus A (ed) (2014) Design, User Experience, and Usability. User Experience Design Practice: Third International Conference, DUXU 2014, Held as Part of HCI International 2014, Heraklion, Crete, Greece, June 22-27, 2014, Proceedings, Part IV. Springer International Publishing, Cham

A chapter in an edited book

Meharg AA, Zhao F-J (2012) Sources and Losses of Arsenic to Paddy Fields. In: Zhao F-J (ed) Arsenic & Rice. Springer Netherlands, Dordrecht, pp 51–69

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Paleolimnology.

Blog post

O`Callaghan J (2016) Russia May Reduce The Number Of Cosmonauts It Sends To The ISS. In: IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/space/russia-may-reduce-number-of-cosmonauts-on-the-iss/. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (1987) Education Information: Changes in Funds and Priorities Have Affected Production and Quality. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Theodore JA (2014) A Framework for Comparative Analysis of Gene Expressions and Mutations Linked to Cancer. Doctoral dissertation, George Washington University

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Hodgman J (2017) Bonus Advice From Judge John Hodgman. New York Times MM22

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Switzer 2012).
This sentence cites two references (Sun and Liu 2006; Switzer 2012).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Sun and Liu 2006)
Three or more authors: (Soma et al. 2007)

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Paleolimnology
Abbreviation	J. Paleolimnol.
ISSN (print)	0921-2728
ISSN (online)	1573-0417
Scope	Aquatic Science Earth-Surface Processes

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