How to format your references using the Journal of Paleolimnology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Paleolimnology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Haag AL (2007) Algae bloom again. Nature 447:520–521

A journal article with 2 authors

O’Toole PW, Jeffery IB (2015) Gut microbiota and aging. Science 350:1214–1215

A journal article with 3 authors

Hoskinson E, Packard RE, Haard TM (2005) Oscillatory motion: quantum whistling in superfluid helium-4. Nature 433:376

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Refojo D, Schweizer M, Kuehne C, et al (2011) Glutamatergic and dopaminergic neurons mediate anxiogenic and anxiolytic effects of CRHR1. Science 333:1903–1907

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Jain RK, Triandis HC, Weick CW (2010) Managing Research, Development, and Innovation. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ

An edited book

Salawu A, Chibita MB (eds) (2016) Indigenous Language Media, Language Politics and Democracy in Africa. Palgrave Macmillan UK, London

A chapter in an edited book

Golovach PA, Paulusma D, Song J (2012) Closing Complexity Gaps for Coloring Problems on H-Free Graphs. In: Chao K-M, Hsu T-S, Lee D-T (eds) Algorithms and Computation: 23rd International Symposium, ISAAC 2012, Taipei, Taiwan, December 19-21, 2012. Proceedings. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, pp 14–23

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Paleolimnology.

Blog post

Carpineti A (2016) Dark Energy Has Not Changed In Billions Of Years. In: IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/space/dark-energy-has-not-changed-billions-year/. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (1989) Education Reform: Initial Effects in Four School Districts. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Mednick Takami L (2017) Chief Diversity Officers in U.S. Higher Education: Impacting the Campus Climate for Diversity. Doctoral dissertation, California State University, Long Beach

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Leland J (2017) ‘Weird Isn’t In Right Now.’ New York Times MB1

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Haag 2007).
This sentence cites two references (Haag 2007; O’Toole and Jeffery 2015).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (O’Toole and Jeffery 2015)
Three or more authors: (Refojo et al. 2011)

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Paleolimnology
Abbreviation	J. Paleolimnol.
ISSN (print)	0921-2728
ISSN (online)	1573-0417
Scope	Aquatic Science Earth-Surface Processes