How to format your references using the Journal of Otorhinolaryngology, Hearing and Balance Medicine citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Otorhinolaryngology, Hearing and Balance Medicine. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

John, P. Applied Physics. Toward Diamond Lasers. Science 2001, 292, 1847–1848.

A journal article with 2 authors

Knight, J.C.; Russell, P.S.J. Applied Optics. New Ways to Guide Light. Science 2002, 296, 276–277.

A journal article with 3 authors

Bloch, I., I.; Hansch, T.W.; Esslinger, T. Measurement of the Spatial Coherence of a Trapped Bose Gas at the Phase Transition. Nature 2000, 403, 166–170.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Oprea, G.E.; Kröber, S.; McWhorter, M.L.; Rossoll, W.; Müller, S.; Krawczak, M.; Bassell, G.J.; Beattie, C.E.; Wirth, B. Plastin 3 Is a Protective Modifier of Autosomal Recessive Spinal Muscular Atrophy. Science 2008, 320, 524–527.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Sengupta, D.L.; Liepa, V.V. Applied Electromagnetics and Electromagnetic Compatibility; John Wiley & Sons, Inc.: Hoboken, NJ, 2005; ISBN 9780471746232.

An edited book

Computational Methods for Molecular Imaging; Gao, F., Shi, K., Li, S., Eds.; Lecture Notes in Computational Vision and Biomechanics; Springer International Publishing: Cham, 2015; Vol. 22; ISBN 9783319184302.

A chapter in an edited book

Shaw, S.; Kellenberger, K. Querying Multiple Tables. In Beginning T-SQL 2012; Kellenberger, K., Ed.; Apress: Berkeley, CA, 2012; pp. 131–167 ISBN 9781430237044.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Otorhinolaryngology, Hearing and Balance Medicine.

Blog post

Andrew, E. Insect Diet May Have Led To Bigger Human Brains Available online: https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/insect-diet-may-have-led-bigger-human-brains/ (accessed on 30 October 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office Digital Television Transition: GAO DTV Broadcaster Survey (GAO-08-528SP, April 2008), an E-Supplement to GAO-08-510; U.S. Government Printing Office: Washington, DC, 2008;

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Prosky, J. Meisner and the Problem of Character. Doctoral dissertation, California State University, Long Beach: Long Beach, CA, 2012.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Currie, A.; Dixon, H.; Hay, G. Auto Sales Defy The Statistics. New York Times 2010, B2.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Otorhinolaryngology, Hearing and Balance Medicine
ISSN (online)	2504-463X
Scope