How to format your references using the Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Raffaelli, D., 2004. Ecology. How extinction patterns affect ecosystems. Science 306, 1141–1142.

A journal article with 2 authors

Belenky, P., Collins, J.J., 2011. Microbiology. Antioxidant strategies to tolerate antibiotics. Science 334, 915–916.

A journal article with 3 authors

Volpe, Giorgio, Volpe, Giovanni, Gigan, S., 2014. Brownian motion in a speckle light field: tunable anomalous diffusion and selective optical manipulation. Sci. Rep. 4, 3936.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Mitchell, C.J., Horányi, M., Havnes, O., Porco, C.C., 2006. Saturn’s spokes: lost and found. Science 311, 1587–1589.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Knuth, E., 2011. Trading Between the Lines. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ.

An edited book

Ruzhansky, M., Tikhonov, S. (Eds.), 2016. Methods of Fourier Analysis and Approximation Theory, 1st ed. 2016. ed, Applied and Numerical Harmonic Analysis. Springer International Publishing, Cham.

A chapter in an edited book

Petřík, O., Váša, L., 2010. Finding Optimal Parameter Configuration for a Dynamic Triangle Mesh Compressor, in: Perales, F.J., Fisher, R.B. (Eds.), Articulated Motion and Deformable Objects: 6th International Conference, AMDO 2010, Port d’Andratx, Mallorca, Spain, July 7-9, 2010. Proceedings, Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, pp. 31–42.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology.

Blog post

Davis, J., 2016. 250,000-Year-Old Tool Discovery Suggests Ancient Humans Feasted On Rhinos And Ducks [WWW Document]. IFLScience. URL https://www.iflscience.com/editors-blog/250000-year-old-tool-discovery-suggests-ancient-humans-feasted-on-rhinos-and-ducks/ (accessed 10.30.18).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office, 1980. Better Management and More Resources Needed To Strengthen Federal Efforts To Improve Pregnancy Outcome (No. HRD-80-24). U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Williams-Newball, T.I., 2014. Domain, Community and Practice: An Empirical Investigation of the Relationship Between Communities of Practice and Professional Identity Among Veterinarians (Doctoral dissertation). George Washington University, Washington, DC.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Barron, J., 2016. Le Train Bleu Is Departing Bloomingdale’s. A Rail Buff Sees It Off. New York Times A19.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Raffaelli, 2004).
This sentence cites two references (Belenky and Collins, 2011; Raffaelli, 2004).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Belenky and Collins, 2011)
Three or more authors: (Mitchell et al., 2006)

About the journal

Full journal title	Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology
Abbreviation	Environ. Toxicol. Pharmacol.
ISSN (print)	1382-6689
Scope	Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis General Medicine Pharmacology Toxicology

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