How to format your references using the Journal of Orthopaedics, Trauma and Rehabilitation citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Orthopaedics, Trauma and Rehabilitation (JOTR). For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

PaperpileThe citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNoteFind the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and othersThe style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeXBibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author
1.
Stratton MR. Exploring the genomes of cancer cells: progress and promise. Science 2011;331(6024):1553–8.
A journal article with 2 authors
1.
Ibáñez M., Cabot A. Chemistry. All change for nanocrystals. Science 2013;340(6135):935–6.
A journal article with 3 authors
1.
Chen Y., Emerson JJ., Martin TM. Evolutionary genomics: codon volatility does not detect selection. Nature 2005;433(7023):E6-7; discussion E7-8.
A journal article with 4 or more authors
1.
Becks L., Hilker FM., Malchow H., et al. Experimental demonstration of chaos in a microbial food web. Nature 2005;435(7046):1226–9.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book
1.
Carver RH., Tai K-C. Modern Multithreading. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 2005.
An edited book
1.
Morrill G., Nederhof M-J. Formal Grammar: 17th and 18th International Conferences, FG 2012, Opole, Poland, August 2012, Revised Selected Papers, FG 2013, Düsseldorf, Germany, August 2013. Proceedings. vol. 8036. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2013.
A chapter in an edited book
1.
Filliâtre J-C., Kalyanasundaram K. Functory: A Distributed Computing Library for Objective Caml. In: Peña R, and Page R, editors. Trends in Functional Programming: 12th International Symposium, TFP 2011, Madrid, Spain, May 16-18, 2011, Revised Selected Papers. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2012. p. 65–81.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Orthopaedics, Trauma and Rehabilitation.

Blog post
1.
Andrew D. Organic Molecules Found On Giant Asteroid Ceres – Why That’s Such A Huge Deal. IFLScience. Available at: https://www.iflscience.com/space/organic-molecules-found-on-giant-asteroid-ceres-why-thats-such-a-huge-deal/. Accessed October 30, 2018.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report
1.
Government Accountability Office. Joint Strike Fighter Acquisition: Cooperative Program Needs Greater Oversight to Ensure Goals Are Met. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 2003.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation
1.
Smith BL. A Qualitative Study of Veteran Students’ Perspectives of Their Academic Experiences. Doctoral dissertation, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, 2017.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article
1.
Feeney K. Deliciousness From Italy. New York Times 2009:NJ11.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in superscript:

This sentence cites one reference 1.
This sentence cites two references 1,2.
This sentence cites four references 1–4.

About the journal

Full journal titleJournal of Orthopaedics, Trauma and Rehabilitation
AbbreviationJ. Orthop. Trauma Rehabil.
ISSN (print)2210-4917
ISSN (online)2210-4925
ScopeOrthopedics and Sports Medicine
Rehabilitation
Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation

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