How to format your references using the Journal of Optimization Theory and Applications citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Optimization Theory and Applications. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Knowles, J.: Chemistry. Seeing is believing. Science. 299, 2002–2003 (2003)

A journal article with 2 authors

Enemark, E.J., Joshua-Tor, L.: Mechanism of DNA translocation in a replicative hexameric helicase. Nature. 442, 270–275 (2006)

A journal article with 3 authors

Munoz, F., Couteron, P., Hubbell, S.P.: Comment on “Global correlations in tropical tree species richness and abundance reject neutrality.” Science. 336, 1639; author reply 1639 (2012)

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Dougherty, M.K., Cao, H., Khurana, K.K., Hunt, G.J., Provan, G., Kellock, S., Burton, M.E., Burk, T.A., Bunce, E.J., Cowley, S.W.H., Kivelson, M.G., Russell, C.T., Southwood, D.J.: Saturn’s magnetic field revealed by the Cassini Grand Finale. Science. 362, (2018)

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Hickey, R.: A Dictionary of Varieties of English. John Wiley & Sons, Hoboken (2013)

An edited book

Luna, A.: Diffusion MRI Outside the Brain: A Case-Based Review and Clinical Applications. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg (2012)

A chapter in an edited book

Schneider, J.K.: Ultrasonic Fingerprint Sensors. In: Ratha, N.K. and Govindaraju, V. (eds.) Advances in Biometrics: Sensors, Algorithms and Systems. pp. 63–74. Springer, London (2008)

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Optimization Theory and Applications.

Blog post

Andrew, D.: World Set For Hottest Year On Record: World Meteorological Organization, https://www.iflscience.com/environment/world-set-for-hottest-year-on-record-world-meteorological-organization/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office: No Child Left Behind Act: Education Actions Needed to Improve Implementation and Evaluation of Supplemental Educational Services. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC (2006)

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Parker, E.C.: Perceptions of youth with diabetes and their parents/guardians about youth eating habits and nutrition-related difficulties, (2010)

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

George, I. by N.: An Essentially American Narrative, (2013)

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1, 2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Optimization Theory and Applications
Abbreviation	J. Optim. Theory Appl.
ISSN (print)	0022-3239
ISSN (online)	1573-2878
Scope	Management Science and Operations Research Applied Mathematics Control and Optimization