How to format your references using the Journal of Neurotrauma citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Neurotrauma (NEU). For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Siegel JS. Chemistry. Chemical topology and interlocking molecules. Science 2004;304(5675):1256–1258.

A journal article with 2 authors

Thébault E, Fontaine C. Stability of ecological communities and the architecture of mutualistic and trophic networks. Science 2010;329(5993):853–856.

A journal article with 3 authors

Zhang W, Dunkle JA, Cate JHD. Structures of the ribosome in intermediate states of ratcheting. Science 2009;325(5943):1014–1017.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Ng J, Nardine T, Harms M, et al. Rac GTPases control axon growth, guidance and branching. Nature 2002;416(6879):442–447.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

McLean D. Understanding Aerodynamics. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd: Chichester, UK; 2012.

An edited book

Slattery JC. Interfacial Transport Phenomena. 2nd Edition. (Sagis L, Oh E-S. eds). Springer US: Boston, MA; 2007.

A chapter in an edited book

Yajima J, Sasaki Y, Naito Y, et al. A New Strategy for Finding a Differential Path of SHA-1. In: Information Security and Privacy: 12th Australasian Conference, ACISP 2007, Townsville, Australia, July 2-4, 2007. Proceedings. (Pieprzyk J, Ghodosi H, Dawson E. eds). Lecture Notes in Computer Science Springer: Berlin, Heidelberg; 2007; pp. 45–58.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Neurotrauma.

Blog post

Andrews R. We Now Know What Earth’s Inner Core Is Made Of. IFLScience; 2017. Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/environment/earths-inner-core-made-of/ [Last accessed: 10/30/2018].

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Mass Transit: Status of New Starts Transit Projects With Full Funding Grant Agreements. U.S. Government Printing Office: Washington, DC; 1999.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Rich DW. Examining the Relationship of Values-Based Management in Performance Evaluations. Doctoral dissertation. Northcentral University: Scottsdale, AZ; 2009.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Crow K. Plan for a Bryant Park Carousel Comes Around Yet Again. New York Times 2001;144.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in superscript:

This sentence cites one reference ¹.
This sentence cites two references ^1,2.
This sentence cites four references ^1–4.

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Neurotrauma
Abbreviation	J. Neurotrauma
ISSN (print)	0897-7151
ISSN (online)	1557-9042
Scope	Clinical Neurology