How to format your references using the Journal of Network and Computer Applications citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Network and Computer Applications. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Marder, E., 2002. Non-mammalian models for studying neural development and function. Nature 417, 318–321.

A journal article with 2 authors

Jørgensen, H.F., Fisher, A.G., 2010. Can controversies be put to REST? Nature 467, E3-4; discussion E5.

A journal article with 3 authors

Liu, Y., Wang, J., Zhang, X., 2013. Accurate determination of the vapor-liquid-solid contact line tension and the viability of Young equation. Sci. Rep. 3, 2008.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Bertoldi, F., Altenhoff, W., Weiss, A., Menten, K.M., Thum, C., 2006. The trans-neptunian object UB313 is larger than Pluto. Nature 439, 563–564.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Center for Chemical Process Safety, 1995. Guidelines for Process Safety Documentation. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ.

An edited book

Radev, D. (Ed.), 2013. Puzzles in Logic, Languages and Computation: The Red Book, Recreational Linguistics. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg.

A chapter in an edited book

Moffett, D.F., Onken, H., 2010. The Cellular Basis of Extreme Alkali Secretion in Insects: A Tale of Two Tissues, in: Gerencser, G.A. (Ed.), Epithelial Transport Physiology. Humana Press, Totowa, NJ, pp. 91–112.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Network and Computer Applications.

Blog post

Davis, J., 2016. Town In New Zealand Builds An Underpass To Save Their Tiny Penguins [WWW Document]. IFLScience. URL (accessed 10.30.18).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office, 2007. Telecommunications: Issues Related to the Structure and Funding of Public Television (No. GAO-07-150). U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Krutsinger, R., 2014. Evaluation of Grassland Restoration Success in Illinois Using Indicators of Ecosystem Function (Doctoral dissertation). Southern Illinois University, Edwardsville, IL.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Rafkin, L., 2011. Sascha Rothchild and Matt Kay. New York Times ST14.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Marder, 2002).
This sentence cites two references (Jørgensen and Fisher, 2010; Marder, 2002).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Jørgensen and Fisher, 2010)
Three or more authors: (Bertoldi et al., 2006)

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Network and Computer Applications
Abbreviation	J. Netw. Comput. Appl.
ISSN (print)	1084-8045
Scope	Computer Networks and Communications Computer Science Applications Hardware and Architecture