How to format your references using the Journal of Natural Medicines citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Natural Medicines. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Tanaka KL (2000) PLANETARY SCIENCE: Fountains of Youth. Science 288:2325

A journal article with 2 authors

Rohling EJ, Pälike H (2005) Centennial-scale climate cooling with a sudden cold event around 8,200 years ago. Nature 434:975–979

A journal article with 3 authors

Zhang Y, Magan JJ, Blau WJ (2014) A general strategy for hybrid thin film fabrication and transfer onto arbitrary substrates. Sci Rep 4:4822

A journal article with 5 or more authors

He Y, Ye T, Su M, et al (2008) Hierarchical self-assembly of DNA into symmetric supramolecular polyhedra. Nature 452:198–201

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Ben Mahmoud MS, Guerber C, Larrieu N, et al (2014) Aeronautical Air-Ground Data Link Communications. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ

An edited book

Borisov N, Goldberg I (2008) Privacy Enhancing Technologies: 8th International Symposium, PETS 2008 Leuven, Belgium, July 23-25, 2008 Proceedings. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

A chapter in an edited book

Gropp WD (2008) MPI and Hybrid Programming Models for Petascale Computing. In: Lastovetsky A, Kechadi T, Dongarra J (eds) Recent Advances in Parallel Virtual Machine and Message Passing Interface: 15th European PVM/MPI Users’ Group Meeting, Dublin, Ireland, September 7-10, 2008. Proceedings. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, pp 6–7

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Natural Medicines.

Blog post

Davis J (2016) Sperm Whale Cultures Found To Completely Change In The Waters Of The Galápagos. In: IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/sperm-whale-cultures-found-to-completely-change-in-the-waters-of-the-galpagos/. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (2015) Surface Transportation Security: TSA Has Taken Steps Designed to Develop Processes for Sharing and Analyzing Information and to Improve Rail Security Incident Reporting. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Hwang YJ (2006) Three Essays on Economics and Risk Perception. Doctoral dissertation, Ohio State University

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Otis J (2017) A Mother Struggles Alone to Keep Her Family United. New York Times A21

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1, 2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Natural Medicines
Abbreviation	J. Nat. Med.
ISSN (print)	1340-3443
ISSN (online)	1861-0293
Scope	Molecular Medicine Organic Chemistry General Medicine Complementary and alternative medicine Drug Discovery Pharmaceutical Science