How to format your references using the Journal of Nanophotonics citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Nanophotonics. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

E. Knill, “Quantum computing with realistically noisy devices,” Nature 434(7029), 39–44 (2005).

A journal article with 2 authors

P. D. Shirey and G. A. Lamberti, “Regulate trade in rare plants,” Nature 469(7331), 465–467 (2011).

A journal article with 3 authors

R. U. Ibarra, J. S. Edwards, and B. O. Palsson, “Escherichia coli K-12 undergoes adaptive evolution to achieve in silico predicted optimal growth,” Nature 420(6912), 186–189 (2002).

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Y. J. Li et al., “Turing-type patterns on electrode surfaces,” Science 291(5512), 2395–2398 (2001).

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

R. Spiegel, Psychopharmacology, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, Chichester, UK (2005).

An edited book

J. Akiyama et al., Eds., Discrete Geometry, Combinatorics and Graph Theory: 7th China-Japan Conference, CJCDGCGT 2005, Tianjin, China, November 18-20, 2005, Xi’an, China, November 22-24, 2005, Revised Selected Papers, Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg (2007).

A chapter in an edited book

H. Ma and L. Oxley, “Methods and Estimation,” in China’s Energy Economy: Situation, Reforms, Behavior, and Energy Intensity, L. Oxley, Ed., pp. 85–99, Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg (2012).

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Nanophotonics.

Blog post

J. Davis, “Progress Made In Creating Babies With Three Biological Parents,” IFLScience, 9 June 2016 (accessed 30 October 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office, “Geographic Information Systems: Information on Federal Use and Coordination,” IMTEC-91-72FS, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC (1991).

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

K. D. Dill, “Nonparametric alternative to Poly-k test in animal tumorigenicity studies,” Doctoral dissertation, California State University, Long Beach (2012).

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

T. Kelly, “Send In the Hard Hats,” in New York Times, p. 1417 (2005).

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in superscript:

This sentence cites one reference ¹.
This sentence cites two references ^1,2.
This sentence cites four references ^1–4.

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Nanophotonics
Abbreviation	J. Nanophotonics
ISSN (online)	1934-2608
Scope	Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials Condensed Matter Physics