How to format your references using the Journal of Nanophotonics citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Nanophotonics. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

B. L. La Madeleine, “Lost in translation,” Nature 445(7126), 454–455 (2007).

A journal article with 2 authors

H. M. Birch and J. Clayton, “Cell biology: close-up on cell biology,” Nature 446(7138), 937–940 (2007).

A journal article with 3 authors

J. Verbeeck, H. Tian, and P. Schattschneider, “Production and application of electron vortex beams,” Nature 467(7313), 301–304 (2010).

A journal article with 4 or more authors

D. Kahneman et al., “Would you be happier if you were richer? A focusing illusion,” Science 312(5782), 1908–1910 (2006).

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

J. Walkenbach, John Walkenbach’s Favorite Excel® 2010 Tips & Tricks, Wiley Publishing, Inc., Hoboken, NJ (2010).

An edited book

E. Zappi, Dermatopathology: Classification of Cutaneous Lesions, E. A. Zappi, Ed., Springer, London (2013).

A chapter in an edited book

R. Guidotti and M. Berlingerio, “Where Is My Next Friend? Recommending Enjoyable Profiles in Location Based Services,” in Complex Networks VII: Proceedings of the 7th Workshop on Complex Networks CompleNet 2016, H. Cherifi et al., Eds., pp. 65–78, Springer International Publishing, Cham (2016).

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Nanophotonics.

Blog post

T. Hale, “China’s Record-Breaking Glass Bridge Is Amazing And Terrifying,” IFLScience, 2 June 2016, <https://www.iflscience.com/technology/chinas-record-breaking-glass-build-amazing-and-terrifying/> (accessed 30 October 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office, “Advanced Imaging Technology: TSA Needs Additional Information before Procuring Next-Generation Systems,” GAO-14-357, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC (2014).

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

S. Ponder, “Parent information nights: An elementary school principal’s search to increase parent input and affect the learning-at-home environment,” Doctoral dissertation, Lindenwood University (2010).

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

D. Bilefsky, “Region’s Struggles Seen In a Romanian Scandal,” in New York Times, p. A6 (2012).

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in superscript:

This sentence cites one reference ¹.
This sentence cites two references ^1,2.
This sentence cites four references ^1–4.

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Nanophotonics
Abbreviation	J. Nanophotonics
ISSN (online)	1934-2608
Scope	Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials Condensed Matter Physics