How to format your references using the Journal of Modern Transportation citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Modern Transportation. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Pagel M (2012) Evolution: Adapted to culture. Nature 482:297–299

A journal article with 2 authors

Caldeira K, Wickett ME (2003) Oceanography: anthropogenic carbon and ocean pH. Nature 425:365

A journal article with 3 authors

Videler JJ, Stamhuis EJ, Povel GDE (2004) Leading-edge vortex lifts swifts. Science 306:1960–1962

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Liu T, Liu X, Spring DR, et al (2014) Quantitatively mapping cellular viscosity with detailed organelle information via a designed PET fluorescent probe. Sci Rep 4:5418

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Reinke P (2012) Inorganic Nanostructures. Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim, Germany

An edited book

Malaval P (2014) Aerospace Marketing Management: A Handbook for the Entire Value Chain. Springer International Publishing, Cham

A chapter in an edited book

Tseng SM, Zhang K, Wu SF, et al (2007) Analysis of BGP Origin AS Changes Among Brazil-Related Autonomous Systems. In: Medhi D, Nogueira JM, Pfeifer T, Wu SF (eds) IP Operations and Management: 7th IEEE International Workshop, IPOM 2007 San José, USA, October 31 - November 2, 2007 Proceedings. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, pp 49–60

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Modern Transportation.

Blog post

Andrew E (2015) This Insect Spits Poop-Smelling Chemicals into Predators’ Mouths. In: IFLScience. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (2000) Information Technology Management: Coast Guard Practices Can Be Improved. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Alexander RT (2017) Can the analytical hierarchy process model be effectively applied in the prioritization of information assurance defense in-depth measures? - a quantitative study. Doctoral dissertation, Capella University

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Greenhouse L (2005) For Now, and Possibly This Year, Talk of a Vacancy on the Court Appears to Be Mere Talk. New York Times A18

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1, 2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Modern Transportation
Abbreviation	J. Mod. Transp.
ISSN (print)	2095-087X
ISSN (online)	2196-0577
Scope	Computer Science Applications Electrical and Electronic Engineering Mechanical Engineering Transportation