How to format your references using the Journal of Microbiology, Immunology and Infection citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Microbiology, Immunology and Infection. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Deng B. Motion studies: See how they run. Nature. 2015 Sep 3;525(7567):145–6.

A journal article with 2 authors

Dey S, Joshi A. Effects of constant immigration on the dynamics and persistence of stable and unstable Drosophila populations. Sci Rep. 2013;3:1405.

A journal article with 3 authors

Hampshire A, MacDonald A, Owen AM. Hypoconnectivity and hyperfrontality in retired American football players. Sci Rep. 2013 Oct 17;3:2972.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Chabrière E, Vernède X, Guigliarelli B, Charon MH, Hatchikian EC, Fontecilla-Camps JC. Crystal structure of the free radical intermediate of pyruvate:ferredoxin oxidoreductase. Science. 2001 Dec 21;294(5551):2559–63.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Kim HG, Moreau N, Sikora T. MPEG-7 Audio and Beyond. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd; 2006.

An edited book

Laber ES, Bornstein C, Nogueira LT, Faria L, editors. LATIN 2008: Theoretical Informatics: 8th Latin American Symposium, Búzios, Brazil, April 7-11, 2008. Proceedings. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2008. XVII, 796 p. (Lecture Notes in Computer Science; vol. 4957).

A chapter in an edited book

Al-Baali AGAG, Farid MM. Fundamentals Of Computational Fluid Dynamics. In: Farid MM, editor. Sterilization Of Food In Retort Pouches. Boston, MA: Springer US; 2006. p. 33–44. (Food Engineering Series).

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Microbiology, Immunology and Infection.

Blog post

Andrews R. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2016 [cited 2018 Oct 30]. “Transformer” Water Fleas Can Grow Armor And Weapons For Specific Predators. Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/transformer-water-fleas-can-grow-armor-and-weapons-for-specific-predators/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Telecommunications: Data Gathering Weaknesses In FCC’s Survey Of Information on Factors Underlying Cable Rate Changes. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 2003 May. Report No.: GAO-03-742T.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Kinney EL. Isolation, identification, and antimicrobial susceptibility analysis of Enterococccus spp. and Salmonella spp. from conventional poultry farms transitioning to organic farming practices [Doctoral dissertation]. [College Park, MD]: University of Maryland, College Park; 2009.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Kenigsberg B. Out of Iraq, Still Scanning for Roadside Bombs in Kansas. New York Times. 2017 Oct 26;C9.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (1).
This sentence cites two references (1,2).
This sentence cites four references (1–4).

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Microbiology, Immunology and Infection
Abbreviation	J. Microbiol. Immunol. Infect.
ISSN (print)	1684-1182
ISSN (online)	1995-9133
Scope	General Immunology and Microbiology General Medicine Immunology and Allergy Infectious Diseases Microbiology (medical)