How to format your references using the Journal of Medical Ultrasonics citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Medical Ultrasonics. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

1. Shah R. Short-sighted move to close the 12-m telescope. Nature. 2000;404:921.

A journal article with 2 authors

1. Pitnick S, Pfennig DW. Evolutionary biology: Brotherly love benefits females. Nature. 2014;505:626–7.

A journal article with 3 authors

1. Dillin A, Crawford DK, Kenyon C. Timing requirements for insulin/IGF-1 signaling in C. elegans. Science. 2002;298:830–4.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

1. Dexter JP, Tamme MB, Lind CH, Collins E-MS. On-chip immobilization of planarians for in vivo imaging. Sci Rep. 2014;4:6388.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

1. Stephanie Hammer. Architects of Electronic Trading. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 2013.

An edited book

1. Roth-Berghofer TR, Schulz S, Leake DB, editors. Modeling and Retrieval of Context: Second International Workshop, MRC 2005, Edinburgh, UK, July 31–August 1, 2005, Revised Selected Papers. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2006.

A chapter in an edited book

1. Lazaric A. Transfer in Reinforcement Learning: A Framework and a Survey. In: Wiering M, Otterlo M van, editors. Reinforcement Learning: State-of-the-Art. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2012. p. 143–73.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Medical Ultrasonics.

Blog post

1. Andrew E. Scientists Discover A Way To Heal A Broken Heart. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2014.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

1. Government Accountability Office. U.S. Airports: Selected Airports’ Views on Federal Requirements. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1999 Jan. Report No.: RCED-99-58R.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

1. Mahler EB. Defining career success in the 21st century: A narrative study of intentional work role transitions [Doctoral dissertation]. [Washington, DC]: George Washington University; 2008.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

1. Saslow L. State Court Blocks Synagogue’s Expansion. New York Times. 2007 Feb 25;14LI2.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Medical Ultrasonics
Abbreviation	J. Med. Ultrason. (2001)
ISSN (print)	1346-4523
ISSN (online)	1613-2254
Scope	General Medicine Radiology Nuclear Medicine and imaging