How to format your references using the Journal of Mechanical Design citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Mechanical Design. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

Ostriker, J. P., 2005, “Obituary: John Norris Bahcall 1935-2005,” Nature, 437(7055), p. 43.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

Haug, G. H., and Peterson, L. C., 2006, “Obituary: Nicholas Shackleton (1937-2006),” Nature, 439(7079), p. 928.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

Young, W. R., Roberts, A. J., and Stuhne, G., 2001, “Reproductive Pair Correlations and the Clustering of Organisms,” Nature, 412(6844), pp. 328–331.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

[1]

Dina, C., Meyre, D., Samson, C., Tichet, J., Marre, M., Jouret, B., Charles, M. A., Balkau, B., and Froguel, P., 2007, “Comment on ‘A Common Genetic Variant Is Associated with Adult and Childhood Obesity,’” Science, 315(5809), pp. 187; author reply 187.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

Harris, M., 2015, Inside the Crystal Ball, John Wiley & Sons, Inc, Hoboken, NJ.

An edited book

[1]

Negro, R. W. D., and Goldberg, A. I., eds., 2005, Home Long-Term Oxygen Treatment in Italy: The Additional Value of Telemedicine, Springer, Milano.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

Castellà-Roca, J., Domingo-Ferrer, J., and Sebé, F., 2006, “A Smart Card-Based Mental Poker System,” Smart Card Research and Advanced Applications: 7th IFIP WG 8.8/11.2 International Conference, CARDIS 2006, Tarragona, Spain, April 19-21, 2006. Proceedings, J. Domingo-Ferrer, J. Posegga, and D. Schreckling, eds., Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, pp. 48–61.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Mechanical Design.

Blog post

[1]

Hale, T., 2016, “A Revolutionary Weather Satellite Is Being Launched This Weekend,” IFLScience. [Online]. Available: https://www.iflscience.com/environment/a-revolutonary-weather-satellite-is-being-launched-this-weekend/. [Accessed: 30-Oct-2018].

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office, 2014, Surface Transportation: Department of Transportation Should Measure the Overall Performance and Outcomes of the TIGER Discretionary Grant Program, GAO-14-766, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

Woodland, R. J., 2010, “Investigating the Role of the Mid-Atlantic Inner Continental Shelf as a Marine Finfish Nursery: A Comparative Approach,” Doctoral dissertation, University of Maryland, College Park.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

Martin, G. S., and Leland, J., 2017, “Worshiping the Bony Lady,” New York Times, p. MB6.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Mechanical Design
Abbreviation	J. Mech. Des. N. Y.
ISSN (print)	1050-0472
ISSN (online)	1528-9001
Scope	Computer Graphics and Computer-Aided Design Computer Science Applications Mechanical Engineering Mechanics of Materials