How to format your references using the Journal of Marine Systems citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Marine Systems. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Tilgner, E., 2002. Mantophasmatodea: a new insect order? Science 297, 731; discussion 731.

A journal article with 2 authors

Lu, Y., Conrad, R., 2005. In situ stable isotope probing of methanogenic archaea in the rice rhizosphere. Science 309, 1088–1090.

A journal article with 3 authors

Jeon, S.-M., Chandel, N.S., Hay, N., 2012. AMPK regulates NADPH homeostasis to promote tumour cell survival during energy stress. Nature 485, 661–665.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Ceylan, H., Ozgit-Akgun, C., Erkal, T.S., Donmez, I., Garifullin, R., Tekinay, A.B., Usta, H., Biyikli, N., Guler, M.O., 2013. Size-controlled conformal nanofabrication of biotemplated three-dimensional TiO₂ and ZnO nanonetworks. Sci. Rep. 3, 2306.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Schneider, B.D., 2007. Energy Leadership. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ.

An edited book

Brown, L. (Ed.), 2013. Pathology of the Vulva and Vagina, Essentials of Diagnostic Gynecological Pathology. Springer, London.

A chapter in an edited book

Amdam, S.H., 2016. The Dangers of having Fun – Doing Production Work in School, in: Erstad, O., Kumpulainen, K., Mäkitalo, Å., Schrøder, K.C., Pruulmann-Vengerfeldt, P., Jóhannsdóttir, T. (Eds.), Learning across Contexts in the Knowledge Society. SensePublishers, Rotterdam, pp. 85–108.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Marine Systems.

Blog post

Andrew, E., 2014. 24-Year-Old Woman Born Without Cerebellum [WWW Document]. IFLScience. URL https://www.iflscience.com/brain/24-year-old-woman-born-without-cerebellum-her-brain/ (accessed 10.30.18).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office, 1999. Airline Deregulation: Changes in Airfares and Service at Four South Carolina Communities (No. T-RCED-99-117). U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

O’Leary, J.J., 2012. Telling the story: Teaching leaders the art of storytelling and its impact on individuals and the organization (Doctoral dissertation). Pepperdine University, Malibu, CA.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Kishkovsky, S., 2008. Boris Fyodorov, 50, Dies; Guided Reforms in Russia. New York Times B10.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Tilgner, 2002).
This sentence cites two references (Lu and Conrad, 2005; Tilgner, 2002).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Lu and Conrad, 2005)
Three or more authors: (Ceylan et al., 2013)

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Marine Systems
Abbreviation	J. Mar. Syst.
ISSN (print)	0924-7963
Scope	Aquatic Science Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics Oceanography

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