How to format your references using the Journal of Marine Systems citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Marine Systems. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Garwin, L., 2005. Schrödinger’s mousetrap. Part 4. Nature 433, 579.

A journal article with 2 authors

Blackburn, T.M., Duncan, R.P., 2001. Determinants of establishment success in introduced birds. Nature 414, 195–197.

A journal article with 3 authors

Kieffer, H.H., Christensen, P.R., Titus, T.N., 2006. CO2 jets formed by sublimation beneath translucent slab ice in Mars’ seasonal south polar ice cap. Nature 442, 793–796.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Craig, O., Mulville, J., Pearson, M.P., Sokol, R., Gelsthorpe, K., Stacey, R., Collins, M., 2000. Detecting milk proteins in ancient pots. Nature 408, 312.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Sadati, N., Dumont, G.A., Hamed, K.A., Gruver, W.A., 2012. Hybrid Control and Motion Planning of Dynamical Legged Locomotion. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ.

An edited book

Bernhaupt, R., Forbrig, P., Gulliksen, J., Lárusdóttir, M. (Eds.), 2010. Human-Centred Software Engineering: Third International Conference, HCSE 2010, Reykjavik, Iceland, October 14-15, 2010. Proceedings, Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg.

A chapter in an edited book

Arinaminpathy, N., Metcalf, C.J.E., Grenfell, B.T., 2014. Viral Dynamics and Mathematical Models, in: Kaslow, R.A., Stanberry, L.R., Le Duc, J.W. (Eds.), Viral Infections of Humans: Epidemiology and Control. Springer US, Boston, MA, pp. 81–96.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Marine Systems.

Blog post

Carpineti, A., 2016. Tree Ring Growth During Solar Storms Can Date Events In the Ancient World [WWW Document]. IFLScience. URL https://www.iflscience.com/editors-blog/tree-ring-growth-during-solar-storms-can-date-events-in-the-ancient-world/ (accessed 10.30.18).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office, 2006. Survey on State Wireless E911 Funds, an E-supplement to GAO-06-338 (No. GAO-06-400SP). U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Gikiri, M.M., 2012. Effects of attitude, norms, and perceived behavior control on intentions to become a teen father (Doctoral dissertation). Capella University, Minneapolis, MN.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Bilton, N., 2013. All Is Fair in Love and Twitter. New York Times MM22.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Garwin, 2005).
This sentence cites two references (Blackburn and Duncan, 2001; Garwin, 2005).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Blackburn and Duncan, 2001)
Three or more authors: (Craig et al., 2000)

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Marine Systems
Abbreviation	J. Mar. Syst.
ISSN (print)	0924-7963
Scope	Aquatic Science Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics Oceanography