How to format your references using the Journal of Marine Systems citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Marine Systems. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Chast, F., 2006. Obituary: Pierre Potier (1934-2006). Nature 440, 291.

A journal article with 2 authors

Silver, R.A., Kanichay, R.T., 2008. Neuroscience. Refreshing connections. Science 320, 183–184.

A journal article with 3 authors

Kasuya, A., Sakabe, J.-I., Tokura, Y., 2014. Potential application of in vivo imaging of impaired lymphatic duct to evaluate the severity of pressure ulcer in mouse model. Sci. Rep. 4, 4173.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Koshino, M., Tanaka, T., Solin, N., Suenaga, K., Isobe, H., Nakamura, E., 2007. Imaging of single organic molecules in motion. Science 316, 853.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Harris, C., 2006. Electricity Markets. John Wiley & Sons Ltd, Oxford, UK.

An edited book

Cheli, F., 2015. Advanced Dynamics of Mechanical Systems. Springer International Publishing, Cham.

A chapter in an edited book

Huang, W., Gordon, L.S., 2013. Mixed Modeling for Physician-Direct Campaigns, in: Hu, M., Liu, Y., Lin, J. (Eds.), Topics in Applied Statistics: 2012 Symposium of the International Chinese Statistical Association, Springer Proceedings in Mathematics & Statistics. Springer, New York, NY, pp. 39–47.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Marine Systems.

Blog post

Fang, J., 2014. Astronomers Catch Surprise “Eclipse” Of Jupiter’s Moons [WWW Document]. IFLScience. URL (accessed 10.30.18).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office, 1993. Direct Loan Debate (No. HRD-93-15R). U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Tsai, C.-N., 2012. A simulation study of hierarchical wireless sensor networks (Doctoral dissertation). California State University, Long Beach, Long Beach, CA.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Hodara, S., 2016. Depicting the Heavens With Paint, Pencil, Even Cocaine. New York Times WE9.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Chast, 2006).
This sentence cites two references (Chast, 2006; Silver and Kanichay, 2008).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Silver and Kanichay, 2008)
Three or more authors: (Koshino et al., 2007)

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Marine Systems
Abbreviation	J. Mar. Syst.
ISSN (print)	0924-7963
Scope	Aquatic Science Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics Oceanography