How to format your references using the Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Klug DD : Thermodynamics. Glassy Water. Science 294 : 2305–2306, 2001

A journal article with 2 authors

Thomas DN, Dieckmann GS : Antarctic Sea ice--a habitat for extremophiles. Science 295 : 641–644, 2002

A journal article with 3 authors

Marchevsky M, Higgins MJ, Bhattacharya S : Two coexisting vortex phases in the peak effect regime in a superconductor. Nature 409 : 591–594, 2001

A journal article with 7 or more authors

McKinnon JS, Mori S, Blackman BK, David L, Kingsley DM, Jamieson L, et al. : Evidence for ecology’s role in speciation. Nature 429 : 294–298, 2004

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Knuth E : Trading Between the Lines. Hoboken, NJ : John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2011

An edited book

Papadopoulos GA, Wojtkowski W, Wojtkowski G, Wrycza S, Zupancic J (Eds.) : Information Systems Development: Towards a Service Provision Society. Boston, MA : Springer US, 2010

A chapter in an edited book

Basso C, Ho SY, Thiene G : Anatomic and Histopathological Characteristics of the Conductive Tissues of the Heart. in Gussak I, Antzelevitch C, Wilde AAM, Friedman PA, Ackerman MJ, Shen W-K (eds) : Electrical Diseases of the Heart: Genetics, Mechanisms, Treatment, Prevention, London : Springer, 2008: pp37–51

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society.

Blog post

Davis J : Endangered Frog May Be Developing Resistance To Deadly Fungus. IFLScience 2016

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office : Urban Transportation: Issues Related to the South Corridor Study. 1993

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Little K : Using Ancient and Modern Fishes to Track Environmental Change in the Illinois River. Doctoral dissertation. Southern Illinois University. 2013

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Pipher M : Nebraska’s Lonely Progressives. New York Times A17, 2014

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in superscript:

This sentence cites one reference ²⁾.
This sentence cites two references ^2,4).
This sentence cites four references ^2,6–8).

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
Abbreviation	J. Korean Neurosurg. Soc.
ISSN (print)	2005-3711
ISSN (online)	1598-7876
Scope	Clinical Neurology Surgery General Neuroscience