How to format your references using the Journal of Investigative Dermatology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Investigative Dermatology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Lea DW. Oceans. Not so permanent El Niño. Science. 2014;344(6179):52–3

A journal article with 2 authors

Hone J, Carpick RW. Friction. Slippery when dry. Science. 2015;348(6239):1087–8

A journal article with 3 authors

Koo B, Nottenburg C, Pardey PG. Intellectual property. Plants and intellectual property: an international appraisal. Science. 2004;306(5700):1295–7

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Nakayama Y, Pauzauskie PJ, Radenovic A, Onorato RM, Saykally RJ, Liphardt J, et al. Tunable nanowire nonlinear optical probe. Nature. 2007;447(7148):1098–101

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

da Silva FSC, Agustí-Cullell J. Knowledge Coordination. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd; 2005.

An edited book

Hall TJ, Gaponenko SV, Paredes SA, editors. Extreme Photonics & Applications. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands; 2010.

A chapter in an edited book

Lytle E. Early Greek and Latin Sources on the Indian Ocean and Eastern Africa. In: Campbell G, editor. Early Exchange between Africa and the Wider Indian Ocean World. Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2016. p. 113–34

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Investigative Dermatology.

Blog post

Davis J. Cause Of Mysterious “Nodding Syndrome” May Have Been Discovered [Internet]. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2017 [cited 2018 Oct 30]. Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/cause-of-mysterious-nodding-syndrome-may-have-been-discovered/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Content Analysis: A Methodology for Structuring and Analyzing Written Material--Transfer Paper 10.1.3. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1989 Mar Report No.: 138426.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Quiroz CA. A community risk assessment of 90032 [Doctoral dissertation]. [Long Beach, CA]: California State University, Long Beach; 2012.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Hubbard B. An Online Purveyor of Polygamous Bliss. New York Times. 2016;A13

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Lea 2014).
This sentence cites two references (Hone and Carpick 2015; Lea 2014).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Hone and Carpick 2015)
Three or more authors: (Nakayama et al. 2007)

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Investigative Dermatology
Abbreviation	J. Invest. Dermatol.
ISSN (print)	0022-202X
ISSN (online)	1523-1747
Scope	Biochemistry Cell Biology Molecular Biology Dermatology