How to format your references using the Journal of Investigative Dermatology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Investigative Dermatology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Gravitz L. Food science: taste bud hackers. Nature. 2012;486(7403):S14-5

A journal article with 2 authors

Kaufman YJ, Koren I. Smoke and pollution aerosol effect on cloud cover. Science. 2006;313(5787):655–8

A journal article with 3 authors

Alexander JM, Diez JM, Levine JM. Novel competitors shape species’ responses to climate change. Nature. 2015;525(7570):515–8

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Pokholok DK, Zeitlinger J, Hannett NM, Reynolds DB, Young RA. Activated signal transduction kinases frequently occupy target genes. Science. 2006;313(5786):533–6

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

CCPS. Safe Design and Operation of Process Vents and Emission Control Systems. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 2006.

An edited book

Iervasi G, Pingitore A, editors. Thyroid and Heart Failure: From Pathophysiology to Clinics. Milano: Springer; 2009.

A chapter in an edited book

Kim CH, Chung SW, Jhon CS. An Innovative Instruction Cache for Embedded Processors. In: Srikanthan T, Xue J, Chang C-H, editors. Advances in Computer Systems Architecture: 10th Asia-Pacific Conference, ACSAC 2005, Singapore, October 24-26, 2005. Proceedings. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2005. p. 41–51

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Investigative Dermatology.

Blog post

Luntz S. All Of Feynman’s Lectures Now Available Online Completely Free [Internet]. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2014 [cited 2018 Oct 30]. Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/physics/all-feynman’s-lectures-now-available-online-completely-free/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Intercity Passenger Rail: Issues for Consideration in Developing an Intercity Passenger Rail Policy. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 2003 Apr Report No.: GAO-03-712T.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Davidson AO. Observing action research processes in practice [Doctoral dissertation]. [Chapel Hill, NC]: University of North Carolina; 2009.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Hollander S. Player’s Dream Takes a Detour in the Bronx. New York Times. 2000;D8

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Gravitz 2012).
This sentence cites two references (Gravitz 2012; Kaufman and Koren 2006).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Kaufman and Koren 2006)
Three or more authors: (Pokholok et al. 2006)

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Investigative Dermatology
Abbreviation	J. Invest. Dermatol.
ISSN (print)	0022-202X
ISSN (online)	1523-1747
Scope	Biochemistry Cell Biology Molecular Biology Dermatology