How to format your references using the Journal of Infection citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Infection (YJINF). For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Pardoll D. M. Immunology. Stress, NK receptors, and immune surveillance. Science 2001;294(5542):534–6.

A journal article with 2 authors

Mannhart J., Schlom D. G. Oxide interfaces--an opportunity for electronics. Science 2010;327(5973):1607–11.

A journal article with 3 authors

Majumdar Sharmistha, Singh Anita, Rio Donald C. The human THAP9 gene encodes an active P-element DNA transposase. Science 2013;339(6118):446–8.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Achterhold K., Bech M., Schleede S., Potdevin G., Ruth R., Loewen R., et al. Monochromatic computed tomography with a compact laser-driven X-ray source. Sci Rep 2013;3:1313.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Kazemi Gholam A., Lehr Jay H., Perrochet Pierre. Groundwater Age. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 2006.

An edited book

Wu Peng. Lean and Cleaner Production: Applications in Prefabrication to Reduce Carbon Emissions. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2013.

A chapter in an edited book

Chnafa Christophe, Mendez Simon, Moreno Ramiro, Nicoud Franck. Using Image-based CFD to Investigate the Intracardiac Turbulence. In: Quarteroni Alfio, editor. Modeling the Heart and the Circulatory System. Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2015. pp. 97–117.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Infection.

Blog post

Andrew Elise. The Daily Show Tears Apart Vaccine Denialists. IFLScience. Available at https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/daily-show-tears-apart-vaccine-denialists/. Accessed October 30, 2018, 2014.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Proprietary School Compliance With Requirements of the Pell Grant Program. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1985.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Sarachana Tewarit. Investigation of post-transcriptional gene regulatory networks associated with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) by miRNA expression profiling of lymphoblastoid cell lines. Doctoral dissertation, George Washington University, Washington, DC, 2009.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Faludi Susan. How Hillary Clinton Met Satan. New York Times 2016:SR5.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in superscript:

This sentence cites one reference ¹.
This sentence cites two references ^1,2.
This sentence cites four references ^1–4.

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Infection
Abbreviation	J. Infect.
ISSN (print)	0163-4453
ISSN (online)	1532-2742
Scope	Infectious Diseases Microbiology (medical)