How to format your references using the Journal of Imaging citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Imaging. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Aldhous, P. Global Warming Could Be Bad News for Arctic Ozone Layer. Nature 2000, 404, 531.

A journal article with 2 authors

Lubenov, E.V.; Siapas, A.G. Hippocampal Theta Oscillations Are Travelling Waves. Nature 2009, 459, 534–539.

A journal article with 3 authors

Bingenheimer, J.B.; Brennan, R.T.; Earls, F.J. Firearm Violence Exposure and Serious Violent Behavior. Science 2005, 308, 1323–1326.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Lim, M.Y.; Rho, M.; Song, Y.-M.; Lee, K.; Sung, J.; Ko, G. Stability of Gut Enterotypes in Korean Monozygotic Twins and Their Association with Biomarkers and Diet. Sci. Rep. 2014, 4, 7348.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Klöpffer, W. Verhalten Und Abbau von Umweltchemikalien; Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA: Weinheim, Germany, 2012; ISBN 9783527672110.

An edited book

Geospace Electromagnetic Waves and Radiation; LaBelle, J.W., Treumann, R.A., Eds.; Lecture Notes in Physics; Springer: Berlin, Heidelberg, 2006; Vol. 687; ISBN 9783540300502.

A chapter in an edited book

Priami, C.; Quaglia, P.; Romanel, A. BlenX Static and Dynamic Semantics. In CONCUR 2009 - Concurrency Theory: 20th International Conference, CONCUR 2009, Bologna, Italy, September 1-4, 2009. Proceedings; Bravetti, M., Zavattaro, G., Eds.; Lecture Notes in Computer Science; Springer: Berlin, Heidelberg, 2009; pp. 37–52 ISBN 9783642040801.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Imaging.

Blog post

Fang, J. How Do You Test The Multiverse? With Bubbles Available online: https://www.iflscience.com/space/how-do-you-test-multiverse-bubbles/ (accessed on 30 October 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office Meeting the Aviation Challenges of the 1990s: Experts Define Key Problems and Identify Emerging Issues; U.S. Government Printing Office: Washington, DC, 1991;

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Kolasa, A. Essays on Firm Behavior in Developing Countries. Doctoral dissertation, George Washington University: Washington, DC, 2014.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Greenhouse, L. Over Guantánamo, Justices Come Under Election-Year Spotlight. New York Times 2008, A10.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Imaging
Abbreviation	J. Imaging
ISSN (online)	2313-433X
Scope