How to format your references using the Journal of Homotopy and Related Structures citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Homotopy and Related Structures. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Wilson, D.B.: Immunology: Insulin auto-antigenicity in type 1 diabetes. Nature. 438, E5; discussion E5-6 (2005)

A journal article with 2 authors

Fries, M., Steele, A.: Graphite whiskers in CV3 meteorites. Science. 320, 91–93 (2008)

A journal article with 3 authors

Shubin, N.H., Daeschler, E.B., Coates, M.I.: The early evolution of the tetrapod humerus. Science. 304, 90–93 (2004)

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Zhang, Y., Fan, H., Xu, J., Xiao, Y., Xu, Y., Li, Y., Li, X.: Network analysis reveals functional cross-links between disease and inflammation genes. Sci. Rep. 3, 3426 (2013)

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Kirwan, M.J.: Handbook of Paper and Paperboard Packaging Technology. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, Oxford (2013)

An edited book

Flaschel, P.: Topics in Applied Macrodynamic Theory. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg (2008)

A chapter in an edited book

Hallett, M.: Zermelo 1904. In: Ebbinghaus, H.-D., Fraser, C.G., and Kanamori, A. (eds.) Ernst Zermelo - Collected Works/Gesammelte Werke: Volume I - Set Theory, Miscellanea / Band I - Mengenlehre, Varia. pp. 80–119. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg (2010)

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Homotopy and Related Structures.

Blog post

Andrew, E.: Video shows Earth’s seasons as seen from space, https://www.iflscience.com/environment/video-shows-earths-seasons-seen-space/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office: Student Attrition at the Five Federal Service Academies. Enclosure B: U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC (1976)

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

McNeil, J.N.: “I noticed something wrong”: Lived experiences of women of color who faced a protracted journey to diagnosis with lupus, (2017)

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Tomasky, M.: Single Payer or Bust?, (2017)

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1, 2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Homotopy and Related Structures
Abbreviation	J. Homotopy Relat. Struct.
ISSN (print)	2193-8407
ISSN (online)	1512-2891
Scope	Algebra and Number Theory Geometry and Topology