How to format your references using the Journal of Geosciences citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Geosciences. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Gresham D (2015) Evolution: Fitness tracking for adapting populations. Nature 519:164–165

A journal article with 2 authors

Santolík O, Chum J (2009) Planetary science. The origin of plasmaspheric hiss. Science 324:729–730

A journal article with 3 authors

White N, Thompson M, Barwise T (2003) Understanding the thermal evolution of deep-water continental margins. Nature 426:334–343

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Peckys DB, Baudoin J-P, Eder M, et al (2013) Epidermal growth factor receptor subunit locations determined in hydrated cells with environmental scanning electron microscopy. Sci Rep 3:2626

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Shamsuddin M (2016) Physical Chemistry of Metallurgical Processes. John Wiley & Sons, Inc, Hoboken, NJ

An edited book

Klaas M, Koch E, Schröder W (eds) (2011) Fundamental Medical and Engineering Investigations on Protective Artificial Respiration: A Collection of Papers from the DFG Funded Research Program PAR. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

A chapter in an edited book

Snoeyink J (2011) Degree-Driven Design for Correct Geometric Algorithms. In: Atallah M, Li X-Y, Zhu B (eds) Frontiers in Algorithmics and Algorithmic Aspects in Information and Management: Joint International Conference, FAW-AAIM 2011, Jinhua, China, May 28-31, 2011. Proceedings. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, pp 8–9

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Geosciences.

Blog post

Andrew E (2015) Cuba Becomes First Ever Country To Eliminate Mother-To-Child Transmission of HIV. In: IFLScience. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (2013) Telecommunications: GSA Needs to Share and Prioritize Lessons Learned to Avoid Future Transition Delays. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Bombard B (2012) Literature circles book club for science and language arts. Doctoral dissertation, California State University, Long Beach

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Crow K (2001) The Mayors Slept Here: Gracie Mansion Is Just the Latest. New York Times 144

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Gresham 2015).
This sentence cites two references (Santolík and Chum 2009; Gresham 2015).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Santolík and Chum 2009)
Three or more authors: (Peckys et al. 2013)

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Geosciences
ISSN (print)	1802-6222
ISSN (online)	1803-1943
Scope