How to format your references using the Journal of Geosciences citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Geosciences. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Pizzorusso T (2009) Neuroscience. Erasing fear memories. Science 325:1214–1215

A journal article with 2 authors

Rowland DC, Moser M-B (2015) Neuroscience: A three-dimensional neural compass. Nature 517:156–157

A journal article with 3 authors

Tylianakis JM, Tscharntke T, Lewis OT (2007) Habitat modification alters the structure of tropical host-parasitoid food webs. Nature 445:202–205

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Benson DE, Conrad DW, de Lorimier RM, et al (2001) Design of bioelectronic interfaces by exploiting hinge-bending motions in proteins. Science 293:1641–1644

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Shaw MT (2011) Introduction to Polymer Rheology. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ

An edited book

Cicco G, Bruley DF, Ferrari M, Harrison DK (eds) (2006) Oxygen Transport to Tissue XXVII. Springer US, Boston, MA

A chapter in an edited book

Li KW (2011) A Study of Peer Discourse in Computer-Supported Collaborative Learning Environment. In: Leung H, Popescu E, Cao Y, et al. (eds) Advances in Web-Based Learning - ICWL 2011: 10th International Conference, Hong Kong, China, December 8-10, 2011. Proceedings. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, pp 31–40

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Geosciences.

Blog post

Luntz S (2017) Iron Additive Turns Bacteria Into Electricity Producers. In: IFLScience. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (2009) Higher Education and Disability: Education Needs a Coordinated Approach to Improve Its Assistance to Schools in Supporting Students. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Reese NE (2015) The Ecomorphology of White-tailed Deer Lower Limb Bones Through the Holocene in Central North America. Doctoral dissertation, Southern Illinois University

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Saslow L (2007) Brookhaven Lab Avoids Cuts in Budget. New York Times 14LI2

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Pizzorusso 2009).
This sentence cites two references (Pizzorusso 2009; Rowland and Moser 2015).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Rowland and Moser 2015)
Three or more authors: (Benson et al. 2001)

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Geosciences
ISSN (print)	1802-6222
ISSN (online)	1803-1943
Scope