How to format your references using the Journal of Fusion Energy citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Fusion Energy. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

1. R. Yoho, Science 349, 1578 (2015).

A journal article with 2 authors

1. T. Ito and M. Simons, Science 332, 947 (2011).

A journal article with 3 authors

1. T. Kanai, S. Minemoto, and H. Sakai, Nature 435, 470 (2005).

A journal article with 4 or more authors

1. Z. Chamoun, R. K. Mann, D. Nellen, D. P. von Kessler, M. Bellotto, P. A. Beachy, and K. Basler, Science 293, 2080 (2001).

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

1. J. C. Anderson and F. Naeim, Basic Structural Dynamics (John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ, 2012).

An edited book

1. S. Napier and M. Bingham, editors , Transporters as Targets for Drugs (Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, 2009).

A chapter in an edited book

1. Y. Liu and R. Law, in Information and Communication Technologies in Tourism 2013: Proceedings of the International Conference in Innsbruck, Austria, January 22-25, 2013, edited by L. Cantoni and Z. (phil) Xiang (Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, 2013), pp. 47–57.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Fusion Energy.

Blog post

1. E. Andrew, IFLScience (2015).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

1. Government Accountability Office, Montana’s Medical Assistance Facilities (U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC, 1995).

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

1. A. A. Lima, Racial and Cultural Identity Formation of Low-Income Brazilian Youth of African Descent through Their Experiences and Perceptions in Formal and Informal Schools, Doctoral dissertation, California State University, Long Beach, 2009.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

1. S. Hodara, New York Times WE9 (2015).

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Fusion Energy
Abbreviation	J. Fusion Energy
ISSN (print)	0164-0313
ISSN (online)	1572-9591
Scope	Nuclear Energy and Engineering Nuclear and High Energy Physics