How to format your references using the Journal of Further and Higher Education citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Further and Higher Education. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Seiradakis, J. H. 2000. “Pulsar Astronomy. Older than They Look.” Nature 406 (6792): 139–140.

A journal article with 2 authors

Neshev, Dragomir, and Yuri Kivshar. 2014. “Physics. Nonlinear Optics Pushed to the Edge.” Science (New York, N.Y.) 344 (6183): 483–484.

A journal article with 3 authors

Magnuson, J. J., C. Safina, and M. P. Sissenwine. 2001. “Ecology and Conservation. Whose Fish Are They Anyway?” Science (New York, N.Y.) 293 (5533): 1267–1268.

A journal article with 11 or more authors

Ligoxygakis, Petros, Nadège Pelte, Jules A. Hoffmann, and Jean-Marc Reichhart. 2002. “Activation of Drosophila Toll during Fungal Infection by a Blood Serine Protease.” Science (New York, N.Y.) 297 (5578): 114–116.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Basset, Philippe, Elena Blokhina, and Dimitri Galayko. 2016. Electrostatic Kinetic Energy Harvesting. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

An edited book

Bria, William F. 2009. Digital Communication in Medical Practice. Edited by Nancy B. Finn. Health Informatics. London: Springer.

A chapter in an edited book

Képes, Kálmán, Uwe Breitenbücher, Santiago Gómez Sáez, Jasmin Guth, Frank Leymann, and Matthias Wieland. 2016. “Situation-Aware Execution and Dynamic Adaptation of Traditional Workflow Models.” In Service-Oriented and Cloud Computing: 5th IFIP WG 2.14 European Conference, ESOCC 2016, Vienna, Austria, September 5-7, 2016, Proceedings, edited by Marco Aiello, Einar Broch Johnsen, Schahram Dustdar, and Ilche Georgievski, 69–83. Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Cham: Springer International Publishing.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Further and Higher Education.

Blog post

Andrews, Robin. 2016. “Dinosaurs Couldn’t Sing But Ancient Birds Could Honk.” IFLScience. IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/dinosaurs-sing-ancient-birds-honk/.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. 1996. Air Traffic Control: Good Progress on Interim Replacement for Outage-Plagued System, but Risks Can Be Further Reduced. AIMD-97-2. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Pugh, Allison N. 2010. “Adoption Is an Option: A Personal Narrative.” Doctoral dissertation, Long Beach, CA: California State University, Long Beach.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Brantley, Ben. 2017. “That Close-Up, in Fine Focus.” New York Times, February 10.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Seiradakis 2000).
This sentence cites two references (Seiradakis 2000; Neshev and Kivshar 2014).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Neshev and Kivshar 2014)
Three authors: (Magnuson, Safina, and Sissenwine 2001)
4 or more authors: (Ligoxygakis et al. 2002)

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Further and Higher Education
Abbreviation	J. Furth. High. Educ.
ISSN (print)	0309-877X
ISSN (online)	1469-9486
Scope	Education