How to format your references using the Journal of Fluency Disorders citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Fluency Disorders. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Rodriguez, J. (2004). Recruiters and industry. Rules of engagement. Nature, 429(6990), 486.

A journal article with 2 authors

Fagiolini, M., & Hensch, T. K. (2000). Inhibitory threshold for critical-period activation in primary visual cortex. Nature, 404(6774), 183–186.

A journal article with 3 authors

Zhang, G., Liu, C., & Fan, S. (2013). Directly measuring of thermal pulse transfer in one-dimensional highly aligned carbon nanotubes. Scientific Reports, 3, 2549.

A journal article with 21 or more authors

Lee, J., Dak, P., Lee, Y., Park, H., Choi, W., Alam, M. A., & Kim, S. (2014). Two-dimensional layered MoS₂ biosensors enable highly sensitive detection of biomolecules. Scientific Reports, 4, 7352.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Buckel, W., & Kleiner, R. (2012). Supraleitung. Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA.

An edited book

Hájek, P. (2008). Biorthogonal Systems in Banach Spaces (V. M. Santalucía, J. Vanderwerff, & V. Zizler, Eds.). Springer.

A chapter in an edited book

Valent, D. J., & Chew, E. Y. (2016). AREDS Supplementation and the Progression Towards Exudative AMD. In A. Stahl (Ed.), Anti-Angiogenic Therapy in Ophthalmology (pp. 67–77). Springer International Publishing.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Fluency Disorders.

Blog post

Fang, J. (2015, May 13). Breaking Waves Disturb Earth’s Magnetic Field. IFLScience; IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/space/swirly-waves-perturb-planets-magnetic-field/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. (2013). Broadcasting Board of Governors: Additional Steps Needed to Address Overlap in International Broadcasting (GAO-13-172). U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Bonin, C. (2010). Spatial and temporal characteristics of electromagnetic activity in the brain prior to reaches to visual targets [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Maryland, College Park.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Kelly, M. (1993, January 27). First Lady and Top Official Visit, Both Named Hillary Clinton. New York Times, B3.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Rodriguez, 2004).
This sentence cites two references (Fagiolini & Hensch, 2000; Rodriguez, 2004).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Fagiolini & Hensch, 2000)
Three or more authors: (Lee et al., 2014)

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Fluency Disorders
Abbreviation	J. Fluency Disord.
ISSN (print)	0094-730X
Scope	Language and Linguistics Cognitive Neuroscience LPN and LVN Experimental and Cognitive Psychology Linguistics and Language Speech and Hearing