How to format your references using the Journal of Financial Economics citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Financial Economics. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Ransohoff, R.M., 2014. Physiology. Good barriers make good neighbors. Science 346, 36–37.

A journal article with 2 authors

Sekiya, S., Suzuki, A., 2011. Direct conversion of mouse fibroblasts to hepatocyte-like cells by defined factors. Nature 475, 390–393.

A journal article with 3 authors

Jiang, K., Li, Q., Fan, S., 2002. Nanotechnology: spinning continuous carbon nanotube yarns. Nature 419, 801.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Suh, E.-K., Yang, A., Kettenbach, A., Bamberger, C., Michaelis, A.H., Zhu, Z., Elvin, J.A., Bronson, R.T., Crum, C.P., McKeon, F., 2006. p63 protects the female germ line during meiotic arrest. Nature 444, 624–628.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Siddiqi, N., 2017. Intelligent Credit Scoring. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ.

An edited book

Mangard, S. (Ed.), 2013. Smart Card Research and Advanced Applications: 11th International Conference, CARDIS 2012, Graz, Austria, November 28-30, 2012, Revised Selected Papers, Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg.

A chapter in an edited book

Simsek, M., Sengor, N.S., 2013. The Efficiency of Difference Mapping in Space Mapping-Based Optimization, in: Koziel, S., Leifsson, L. (Eds.), Surrogate-Based Modeling and Optimization: Applications in Engineering. Springer, New York, NY, pp. 99–120.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Financial Economics.

Blog post

Hale, T., 2015. Farmers Stumble Across Mammoth Skeleton In Their Soybean Field [WWW Document]. IFLScience. URL https://www.iflscience.com/environment/farmers-find-mammoth-skeleton-their-soybean-field/ (accessed 10.30.18).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office, 2006. Troops-To-Teachers: Program Brings More Men and Minorities to the Teaching Workforce, but Education Could Improve Management to Enhance Results (No. GAO-06-265). U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Ameen, U., 2012. Social and political climates’ influence on Muslim American students’ intersectional identity (Doctoral dissertation). California State University, Long Beach, Long Beach, CA.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Kenigsberg, B., 2017. Lost in Paris. New York Times C7.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Ransohoff, 2014).
This sentence cites two references (Ransohoff, 2014; Sekiya and Suzuki, 2011).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Sekiya and Suzuki, 2011)
Three or more authors: (Suh et al., 2006)

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Financial Economics
Abbreviation	J. financ. econ.
ISSN (print)	0304-405X
Scope	Accounting Strategy and Management Economics and Econometrics Finance