How to format your references using the Journal of Financial Economics citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Financial Economics. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Flower, R., 2002. Drug receptors: a long engagement. Nature 415, 587.

A journal article with 2 authors

Brown, G.D., Gordon, S., 2001. Immune recognition. A new receptor for beta-glucans. Nature 413, 36–37.

A journal article with 3 authors

Bustamante, C., Bryant, Z., Smith, S.B., 2003. Ten years of tension: single-molecule DNA mechanics. Nature 421, 423–427.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Tanabe, T., Kuwabara, T., Warashina, M., Tani, K., Taira, K., Asano, S., 2000. Oncogene inactivation in a mouse model. Nature 406, 473–474.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Lieberman, J.A., Tasman, A., 2006. Handbook of Psychiatric Drugs. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, Chichester, UK.

An edited book

Dutt, A.K., Noble, A.G., Costa, F.J., Thakur, S.K., Thakur, R., Sharma, H.S. (Eds.), 2015. Spatial Diversity and Dynamics in Resources and Urban Development: Volume 1: Regional Resources, 1st ed. 2015. ed. Springer Netherlands, Dordrecht.

A chapter in an edited book

Levin, G., Luchs, J.S., Ortiz, A.O., 2009. Percutaneous Spinal Facet and Sacroiliac Joint Injection, in: Gangi, A., Guth, S., Guermazi, A. (Eds.), Imaging in Percutaneous Musculoskeletal Interventions, Medical Radiology. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, pp. 73–82.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Financial Economics.

Blog post

Andrew, E., 2015. Do Flies Have Emotions? [WWW Document]. IFLScience. URL https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/flies-may-have-basic-building-blocks-emotions/ (accessed 10.30.18).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office, 1977. More Emphasis Needed on Data Analysis Phase of Space Science Programs (No. PSAD-77-114). U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Stanford, V., 2016. Finding theatre from within: Augusto Boal’s Games for Non-Actors in an Introduction to Acting class (Doctoral dissertation). California State University, Long Beach, Long Beach, CA.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Leland, J., 2017. Roz Chast Is New Yorkier Than You. New York Times MB1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Flower, 2002).
This sentence cites two references (Brown and Gordon, 2001; Flower, 2002).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Brown and Gordon, 2001)
Three or more authors: (Tanabe et al., 2000)

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Financial Economics
Abbreviation	J. financ. econ.
ISSN (print)	0304-405X
Scope	Accounting Strategy and Management Economics and Econometrics Finance