How to format your references using the Journal of Financial Economics citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Financial Economics. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Wilczek, F., 2013. Physics: The enigmatic electron. Nature 498, 31–32.

A journal article with 2 authors

Voytas, D.F., Joung, J.K., 2009. Plant science. DNA binding made easy. Science 326, 1491–1492.

A journal article with 3 authors

Karnath, H.-O., Borchers, S., Himmelbach, M., 2010. Comment on “Movement intention after parietal cortex stimulation in humans.” Science 327, 1200; author reply 1200.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Gong, H., Yang, Y., Chen, Xingxing, Zhao, D., Chen, Xi, Chen, Y., Yan, M., Li, Q., Qiu, M., 2014. Gold nanoparticle transfer through photothermal effects in a metamaterial absorber by nanosecond laser. Sci. Rep. 4, 6080.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Mattu, A., Grossman, S.A., Rosen, P.L., 2016. Geriatric Emergencies. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, Chichester, UK.

An edited book

Erdmann, V.A., Jurga, S., Barciszewski, J. (Eds.), 2015. RNA and DNA Diagnostics, RNA Technologies. Springer International Publishing, Cham.

A chapter in an edited book

Goldstein, I., Silberstein, J., 2011. Physiology of Female Genital Sexual Arousal, in: Mulhall, J.P., Incrocci, L., Goldstein, I., Rosen, R. (Eds.), Cancer and Sexual Health. Humana Press, Totowa, NJ, pp. 51–68.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Financial Economics.

Blog post

Fang, J., 2014. Survey Finds 361 New Bird Species - And A Quarter Are Already Threatened [WWW Document]. IFLScience. URL https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/survey-finds-361-new-bird-species-and-quarter-are-already-threatened/ (accessed 10.30.18).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office, 1997. Business Process Reengineering Assessment Guide--Version 3 (No. AIMD-10.1.15). U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Roettger, M.E., 2008. Three essays on social inequality and the U.S. criminal justice system (Doctoral dissertation). University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

GEORGE ETHEREDGE for THE NEW YORK TIMES, 2016. Chandeliers. New York Times RE13.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Wilczek, 2013).
This sentence cites two references (Voytas and Joung, 2009; Wilczek, 2013).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Voytas and Joung, 2009)
Three or more authors: (Gong et al., 2014)

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Financial Economics
Abbreviation	J. financ. econ.
ISSN (print)	0304-405X
Scope	Accounting Strategy and Management Economics and Econometrics Finance