How to format your references using the Journal of Financial and Quantitative Analysis citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Financial and Quantitative Analysis (JFQA). For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Kurita, N. “Climate Change. Dancing to the Tune of the Glacial Cycles.” Science (New York, N.Y.), 336 (2012), 1242–1243.

A journal article with 2 authors

Stocker, T. F., and G.-K. Plattner. “Climate Policy: Rethink IPCC Reports.” Nature, 513 (2014), 163–165.

A journal article with 3 authors

O’Brien, S. J., E. Eizirik, and W. J. Murphy. “Genomics. On Choosing Mammalian Genomes for Sequencing.” Science (New York, N.Y.), 292 (2001), 2264–2266.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Doshi, R., B. R. Chen, C. R. T. Vibat, N. Huang, C.-W. Lee, and G. Chang. “In Vitro Nanobody Discovery for Integral Membrane Protein Targets.” Scientific Reports, 4 (2014), 6760.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Becker, K., and K. Rautenstrauch. “Ingenieurholzbau Nach Eurocode 5: Konstruktion, Berechnung, Ausführung.” Weinheim, Germany: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA.

An edited book

“Technologies for E-Learning and Digital Entertainment: First International Conference, Edutainment 2006, Hangzhou, China, April 16-19, 2006. Proceedings.” (Z. Pan, R. Aylett, H. Diener, X. Jin, S. Göbel, and L. Li, eds.):. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer.

A chapter in an edited book

Keeling, L., A. Evans, B. Forkman, and U. Kjaernes. “Welfare Quality® Principles and Criteria.” In Improving farm animal welfare: Science and society working together: the Welfare Quality approach, H. Blokhuis, M. Miele, I. Veissier, and B. Jones, eds. Wageningen: Wageningen Academic Publishers (2013), 91–114.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Financial and Quantitative Analysis.

Blog post

Fang, J. “Bones of Gorilla-Sized Lemur Found in Underwater Graveyard.” IFLScience. Available at https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/bones-gorilla-sized-lemur-found-underwater-graveyard/. Accessed October 30, 2018. IFLScience.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. “Government Performance and Results Act: Information on FAA’s Science Activities in DOT’s Performance Report for Fiscal Year 1999, Performance Plan for FY 2001, and July 2000 Draft Strategic Plan.” Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Weissflug, K. G. “Effects of Positive Behavior Support Programs on Student Behaviors.” Doctoral dissertation, St. Charles, MO: Lindenwood University. p.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Kelly, K., and B. Appelbaum. “Yellen and Trump Aide Are Said to Be on Shortlist for New Leader of the Fed.” New York Times, (2017), A20.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Kurita (2012)).
This sentence cites two references (Kurita (2012); Stocker, and Plattner (2014)).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Stocker, and Plattner (2014))
Three or more authors: (Doshi et al. (2014))

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Financial and Quantitative Analysis
ISSN (print)	0022-1090
ISSN (online)	1756-6916
Scope