How to format your references using the Journal of Ethnobiology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Ethnobiology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Friedman, W. E. 2006. Embryological Evidence for Developmental Lability during Early Angiosperm Evolution. Nature 441:337–340.

A journal article with 2 authors

Dunham-Snary, K. J., and S. W. Ballinger. 2015. GENETICS. Mitochondrial-Nuclear DNA Mismatch Matters. Science (New York, N.Y.) 349:1449–1450.

A journal article with 3 authors

Reiner, S. L., F. Sallusto, and A. Lanzavecchia. 2007. Division of Labor with a Workforce of One: Challenges in Specifying Effector and Memory T Cell Fate. Science (New York, N.Y.) 317:622–625.

A journal article with 99 or more authors

Wu, F.-X., L. Wu, J. Wang, J. Liu, and L. Chen. 2014. Transittability of Complex Networks and Its Applications to Regulatory Biomolecular Networks. Scientific reports 4:4819.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Choudhry, M., D. Moskovic, M. Wong, S. Baig, Z. Liu, M. Lizzio, and A. Voicu. 2014. Fixed Income Markets. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ.

An edited book

Waghid, Y. 2016. Educational Technology and Pedagogic Encounters: Democratic Education in Potentiality. (F. Waghid and Z. Waghid, eds.). SensePublishers, Rotterdam.

A chapter in an edited book

Aldana, R. 2014. Immigration Federalism and Rights. In Immigration Regulation in Federal States: Challenges and Responses in Comparative Perspective, edited by S. Baglay and D. Nakache, pp. 61–92. Springer Netherlands, Dordrecht.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Ethnobiology.

Blog post

Taub, B. 2016, July 11. Kids Who Suck Their Thumbs And Bite Their Nails May Have Fewer Allergies. IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/kids-who-suck-their-thumbs-bite-their-nails-may-have-fewer-allergies/. Accessed October 30, 2018.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. 2009. High Speed Passenger Rail: Developing Viable High Speed Rail Projects under the Recovery Act and Beyond. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Morgan, T. M. 2017. Do You See What I See? How Symbol Integration Facilitates Responsibility to Self and Culture. Doctoral dissertation, Pacifica Graduate Institute, Carpinteria, CA.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Vecsey, G. 2010, September 15. At Home, In Any House. New York Times:B13.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Friedman 2006).
This sentence cites two references (Friedman 2006, Dunham-Snary and Ballinger 2015).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Dunham-Snary and Ballinger 2015)
Three or more authors: (Wu et al. 2014)

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Ethnobiology
ISSN (print)	0278-0771
ISSN (online)	2162-4496
Scope