How to format your references using the Journal of Environmental Studies and Sciences citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Environmental Studies and Sciences. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Willner I (2002) Tech.Sight. Bioelectronics. Biomaterials for sensors, fuel cells, and circuitry. Science 298:2407–2408

A journal article with 2 authors

Zhan Z, Barnett SA (2005) An octane-fueled solid oxide fuel cell. Science 308:844–847

A journal article with 3 authors

Ringstad N, Abe N, Horvitz HR (2009) Ligand-gated chloride channels are receptors for biogenic amines in C. elegans. Science 325:96–100

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Louie KB, Bowen BP, McAlhany S, et al (2013) Mass spectrometry imaging for in situ kinetic histochemistry. Sci Rep 3:1656

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Wolf EL (2012) Nanophysics of Solar and Renewable Energy. Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim, Germany

An edited book

Reale E, Primeri E (eds) (2015) The Transformation of University Institutional and Organizational Boundaries. SensePublishers, Rotterdam

A chapter in an edited book

Zuazo VHD, Pleguezuelo CRR, Flanagan D, et al (2011) Sustainable Land Use and Agricultural Soil. In: Lichtfouse E (ed) Alternative Farming Systems, Biotechnology, Drought Stress and Ecological Fertilisation. Springer Netherlands, Dordrecht, pp 107–192

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Environmental Studies and Sciences.

Blog post

Hale T (2016) Time-Lapse Of Bird’s Nest Has An Unexpected Ending. In: IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/gopro-timelapse-captures-unexpected-moment-birds-nest/. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (1989) Federal Research: Final Site Selection Process for DOE’s Super Collider. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Krug KA (2009) Critical literacy in the face of a mandated curriculum: Can children read beyond the text? Doctoral dissertation, George Washington University

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Cooper M (2017) ‘The Third Tenor’ Exits. New York Times C1

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Willner 2002).
This sentence cites two references (Willner 2002; Zhan and Barnett 2005).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Zhan and Barnett 2005)
Three or more authors: (Louie et al. 2013)

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Environmental Studies and Sciences
Abbreviation	J. Environ. Stud. Sci.
ISSN (print)	2190-6483
ISSN (online)	2190-6491
Scope	General Environmental Science Geography, Planning and Development

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