How to format your references using the Journal of Environmental Studies and Sciences citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Environmental Studies and Sciences. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Russell MJ (2003) Geochemistry. The importance of being alkaline. Science 302:580–581

A journal article with 2 authors

Zampieri N, Chao MV (2004) Structural biology. The p75 NGF receptor exposed. Science 304:833–834

A journal article with 3 authors

Santos MD, Dorogovtsev SN, Mendes JFF (2014) Biased imitation in coupled evolutionary games in interdependent networks. Sci Rep 4:4436

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Bonn DA, Wynn JC, Gardner BW, et al (2001) A limit on spin-charge separation in high-Tc superconductors from the absence of a vortex-memory effect. Nature 414:887–889

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Pai MD FACC FRCP Edin RG, Varadarajan MD FACC P (2014) Echocardiography Board Review. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, Chichester, UK

An edited book

Boccaccini AR, Harding SE (eds) (2011) Myocardial Tissue Engineering. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

A chapter in an edited book

Reith W (2016) ComputedTomography. In: Vogl TJ, Reith W, Rummeny EJ (eds) Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, pp 25–30

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Environmental Studies and Sciences.

Blog post

Andrew E (2015) New Breathalyzer Device May One Day Diagnose Lung Cancer. In: IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/new-breathalyzer-device-may-one-day-diagnose-lung-cancer/. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (2005) Aviation Security: Systematic Planning Needed to Optimize the Deployment of Checked Baggage Screening Systems. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

McKenzie NJ (2012) African/Black psychology: A qualitative investigation of distinguished Black psychologists. Doctoral dissertation, Pepperdine University

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Dynarski S (2016) 왜 영재반에서는 흑인과 히스패닉 학생을 보기 힘들까? New York Times BU6

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Russell 2003).
This sentence cites two references (Russell 2003; Zampieri and Chao 2004).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Zampieri and Chao 2004)
Three or more authors: (Bonn et al. 2001)

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Environmental Studies and Sciences
Abbreviation	J. Environ. Stud. Sci.
ISSN (print)	2190-6483
ISSN (online)	2190-6491
Scope	General Environmental Science Geography, Planning and Development