How to format your references using the Journal of Environmental Studies and Sciences citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Environmental Studies and Sciences. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Davies KG (2000) Creative tension. Nature 407:135

A journal article with 2 authors

Dragoi G, Tonegawa S (2011) Preplay of future place cell sequences by hippocampal cellular assemblies. Nature 469:397–401

A journal article with 3 authors

Chabanov AA, Stoytchev M, Genack AZ (2000) Statistical signatures of photon localization. Nature 404:850–853

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Xie Z-K, Huang Q-P, Huang J, Xie Z-F (2014) Association between the IL1B, IL1RN polymorphisms and COPD risk: a meta-analysis. Sci Rep 4:6202

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Silvia JE (2011) Dynamic Economic Decision Making. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ

An edited book

Fursaev D (2011) Operators, Geometry and Quanta: Methods of Spectral Geometry in Quantum Field Theory. Springer Netherlands, Dordrecht

A chapter in an edited book

Reineke J, Wilhelm R (2016) Static Timing Analysis – What is Special? In: Probst CW, Hankin C, Hansen RR (eds) Semantics, Logics, and Calculi: Essays Dedicated to Hanne Riis Nielson and Flemming Nielson on the Occasion of Their 60th Birthdays. Springer International Publishing, Cham, pp 74–87

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Environmental Studies and Sciences.

Blog post

Andrew E (2014) Junk Food Rats Ditch Balanced Diet To Eat Just Like Obese People. In: IFLScience. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (1977) Improved Reporting Needed on National Aeronautics and Space Administration Projects. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Zitko JA (2012) Effects of Random Cross-Sectioned Distributions, Fiber Misalignment and Interphases in Three-Dimensional Composite Models on Transverse Shear Modulus. Doctoral dissertation, University of South Florida

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Sisario B, Alter A, Chan S (2016) Bob Dylan Wins Nobel Prize, Redefining the Boundaries of Literature. New York Times A18

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Davies 2000).
This sentence cites two references (Davies 2000; Dragoi and Tonegawa 2011).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Dragoi and Tonegawa 2011)
Three or more authors: (Xie et al. 2014)

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Environmental Studies and Sciences
Abbreviation	J. Environ. Stud. Sci.
ISSN (print)	2190-6483
ISSN (online)	2190-6491
Scope	General Environmental Science Geography, Planning and Development