How to format your references using the Journal of Energy Engineering citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Energy Engineering. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Ackert, R. P., Jr. 2003. “Glaciology. An ice sheet remembers.” Science, 299 (5603): 57–58.

A journal article with 2 authors

Jagoutz, O., and M. D. Behn. 2013. “Foundering of lower island-arc crust as an explanation for the origin of the continental Moho.” Nature, 504 (7478): 131–134.

A journal article with 3 authors

Sturm, M., C. Racine, and K. Tape. 2001. “Climate change. Increasing shrub abundance in the Arctic.” Nature, 411 (6837): 546–547.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Langford, D. J., S. E. Crager, Z. Shehzad, S. B. Smith, S. G. Sotocinal, J. S. Levenstadt, M. L. Chanda, D. J. Levitin, and J. S. Mogil. 2006. “Social modulation of pain as evidence for empathy in mice.” Science, 312 (5782): 1967–1970.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Aldridge, P., and L. O’Dwyer. 2013. Practical Emergency and Critical Care Veterinary Nursing. West Sussex, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

An edited book

Gupta, S. C., S. Prasad, and B. B. Aggarwal (Eds.). 2016. Anti-inflammatory Nutraceuticals and Chronic Diseases. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology. Cham: Springer International Publishing.

A chapter in an edited book

Haegele, M., C. Maufroy, W. Kraus, M. Siee, and J. Breuninger. 2015. “Musculoskeletal Robots and Wearable Devices on the Basis of Cable-driven Actuators.” Soft Robotics: Transferring Theory to Application, A. Verl, A. Albu-Schäffer, O. Brock, and A. Raatz, eds., 42–53. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Energy Engineering.

Blog post

Andrew, E. 2014. “Slowing Down The Development Of Alzheimer’s Plaques.” IFLScience. IFLScience. Accessed October 30, 2018. https://www.iflscience.com/brain/slowing-down-development-alzheimers-plaques/.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. 1978. Changes Needed in the Tax Laws Governing the Exclusion for Scholarships and Fellowships and the Deduction of Job-Related Educational Expenses. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Tasoff, A. J. 2017. “Quantifying the Genetic Capacity of California Grunion (Leuresthes tenuis) to Adapt to Ocean Acidification.” Doctoral dissertation. Long Beach, CA: California State University, Long Beach.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Brunnermeier, M., H. James, and J.-P. Landau. 2016. “Pondering Franco-German relations anew.” New York Times, October 27, 2016.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Ackert 2003).
This sentence cites two references (Ackert 2003; Jagoutz and Behn 2013).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Jagoutz and Behn 2013)
Three or more authors: (Langford et al. 2006)

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Energy Engineering
Abbreviation	J. Energy Eng.
ISSN (print)	0733-9402
ISSN (online)	1943-7897
Scope	Energy Engineering and Power Technology Nuclear Energy and Engineering Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment Civil and Structural Engineering Waste Management and Disposal