How to format your references using the Journal of Electrocardiology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Electrocardiology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

Jayaraman KS. Biotech boom. Nature 2005;436:480–3.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

Wilson PA, Norris RD. Warm tropical ocean surface and global anoxia during the mid-Cretaceous period. Nature 2001;412:425–9.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

Szostak JW, Bartel DP, Luisi PL. Synthesizing life. Nature 2001;409:387–90.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

[1]

Achard P, Cheng H, De Grauwe L, Decat J, Schoutteten H, Moritz T, et al. Integration of plant responses to environmentally activated phytohormonal signals. Science 2006;311:91–4.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

Stoop I, Billiet J, Koch A, Fitzgerald R. Improving Survey Response. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd; 2010.

An edited book

[1]

Urzaiz G, Ochoa SF, Bravo J, Chen LL, Oliveira J, editors. Ubiquitous Computing and Ambient Intelligence. Context-Awareness and Context-Driven Interaction: 7th International Conference, UCAmI 2013, Carrillo, Costa Rica, December 2-6, 2013, Proceedings. vol. 8276. Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2013.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

Bansaye V, Méléard S. Continuous State Branching Processes. In: Bansaye V, editor. Stochastic Models for Structured Populations: Scaling Limits and Long Time Behavior, Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2015, p. 29–38.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Electrocardiology.

Blog post

[1]

Andrew E. Why Mosquitoes Seem To Bite Some People More. IFLScience 2015.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office. Satellite Control Capabilities: National Policy Could Help Consolidation and Cost Savings. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1996.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

Limpert SM. A Qualitative Study of Learning Spaces at a Midwest Elementary School and its Relationship to Student Attitudes about Reading. Doctoral dissertation. Lindenwood University, 2017.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

Detrick B. Paul’s Casablanca. New York Times 2016:D9.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Electrocardiology
Abbreviation	J. Electrocardiol.
ISSN (print)	0022-0736
Scope	Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine