How to format your references using the Journal of Electrocardiology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Electrocardiology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

O’Brien K. CLIMATE CHANGE. Political agency: The key to tackling climate change. Science 2015;350:1170–1.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

Wolchok JD, Chan TA. Cancer: Antitumour immunity gets a boost. Nature 2014;515:496–8.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

Kaufman YJ, Tanré D, Boucher O. A satellite view of aerosols in the climate system. Nature 2002;419:215–23.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

[1]

Chiu Y-L, Soros VB, Kreisberg JF, Stopak K, Yonemoto W, Greene WC. Cellular APOBEC3G restricts HIV-1 infection in resting CD4+ T cells. Nature 2005;435:108–14.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

Britton M. YouthNation. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc; 2015.

An edited book

[1]

Bauer M. Green Building: Guidebook for Sustainable Architecture. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2010.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

Giaquinta M, Modica G. Differential Forms. In: Modica G, editor. Mathematical Analysis: Foundations and Advanced Techniques for Functions of Several Variables, Boston, MA: Birkhäuser; 2012, p. 213–82.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Electrocardiology.

Blog post

[1]

Luntz S. Rhinos Escape Caught On Video. IFLScience 2015. https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/rhinos-escape-video/ (accessed October 30, 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office. Distance Learning: Opportunities Exist for DOD to Capitalize on Services’ Efforts. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1997.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

Tabano JG. How Former Division I Student-Athletes Experienced Their Dual Undergraduate Roles: The Internal Competition for an Identity. Doctoral dissertation. George Washington University, 2013.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

Kishkovsky S. Concert Settings Fit for a Romanov. New York Times 2001:53.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Electrocardiology
Abbreviation	J. Electrocardiol.
ISSN (print)	0022-0736
Scope	Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine