How to format your references using the Journal of Electrocardiology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Electrocardiology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

Evans DAD. Proterozoic low orbital obliquity and axial-dipolar geomagnetic field from evaporite palaeolatitudes. Nature 2006;444:51–5.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

Nash JD, Moum JN. River plumes as a source of large-amplitude internal waves in the coastal ocean. Nature 2005;437:400–3.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

Jackson DP, Laws PW, Franklin SV. IBI series winner. An inquiry-based curriculum for nonmajors. Science 2012;335:418–9.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

[1]

Zheng Y, Ren H, Wan W, Chen X. Time-reversed wave mixing in nonlinear optics. Sci Rep 2013;3:3245.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

Loughran M. Auditing for Dummies®. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley Publishing, Inc.; 2010.

An edited book

[1]

Cipolla-Ficarra F, Veltman K, Cipolla-Ficarra M, Kratky A, editors. Communicability, Computer Graphics and Innovative Design for Interactive Systems: First International Symposium, CCGIDIS 2011, Córdoba, Spain, June 28-29, 2011, Revised Selected Papers. vol. 7545. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2012.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

Sarda SR, Wasmatkar SK, Jadhav WN, Dake SA, Sawale AR, Kaminwar NS, et al. Ammonium- and Phosphonium-Based Ionic Liquid: Green and Reusable Catalysts. In: Ameta KL, Dandia A, editors. Green Chemistry: Synthesis of Bioactive Heterocycles, New Delhi: Springer India; 2014, p. 105–27.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Electrocardiology.

Blog post

[1]

Andrews R. These Freshly Erupted Hawaiian Lava Flows Are Nothing Short Of Spectacular. IFLScience 2016.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office. Airport and Airway Trust Fund: Issues Related to Determining How Best to Finance FAA. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1997.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

Brown ML. Examining leadership and the laminated glass ceiling: Gender and leadership traits. Doctoral dissertation. Northcentral University, 2010.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

Landler M, Appelbaum B. Trump Tells Foreign Leaders That Nafta Can Stay for Now. New York Times 2017:A14.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Electrocardiology
Abbreviation	J. Electrocardiol.
ISSN (print)	0022-0736
Scope	Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine