How to format your references using the Journal of Economics and Business citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Economics and Business. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Kuhn, N. J. (2000). Learn lateral thinking first and specialize later. Nature, 404(6778), 542.

A journal article with 2 authors

Birch, H. M., & Clayton, J. (2007). Cell biology: close-up on cell biology. Nature, 446(7138), 937–940.

A journal article with 3 authors

Hibbins, A. P., Evans, B. R., & Sambles, J. R. (2005). Experimental verification of designer surface plasmons. Science (New York, N.Y.), 308(5722), 670–672.

A journal article with 21 or more authors

Cao, C.-Y., Shen, Y.-Y., Wang, J.-D., Li, L., & Liang, G.-L. (2013). Controlled intracellular self-assembly of gadolinium nanoparticles as smart molecular MR contrast agents. Scientific Reports, 3, 1024.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Albalate, A., & Minker, W. (2013). Semi-Supervised and Unsupervised Machine Learning. John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

An edited book

Upton, D. (2015). Psychology of Wounds and Wound Care in Clinical Practice (P. Upton, Ed.). Springer International Publishing.

A chapter in an edited book

Saliou, G., Théaudin, M., Join-Lambert Vincent, C., & Souillard-Scemama, R. (2014). Transient Ischaemic Attacks. In M. Theaudin, C. Join-Lambert Vincent, & R. Souillard-Scemama (Eds.), Practical Guide to Neurovascular Emergencies (pp. 77–80). Springer.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Economics and Business.

Blog post

Davis, J. (2016, July 11). The Extraordinary Life Of Koko: The Gorilla Who Talks. IFLScience; IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/the-extraordinary-life-of-koko-the-gorilla-who-talks/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. (1994). Working Capital Funds: Three Agency Perspectives (AIMD-94-121). U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Brenner, D. S. (2015). The Phonetics of Mandarin Tones in Conversation [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Arizona.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Lowry, M. P. (2015, May 24). Watching Assumptions Walk Out the Door. New York Times, BU7.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Kuhn, 2000).
This sentence cites two references (Birch & Clayton, 2007; Kuhn, 2000).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Birch & Clayton, 2007)
Three or more authors: (Cao et al., 2013)

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Economics and Business
Abbreviation	J. Econ. Bus.
ISSN (print)	0148-6195
Scope	General Business, Management and Accounting Economics and Econometrics