How to format your references using the Journal of Eastern African Studies citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Eastern African Studies. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Rona, Peter A. “Geology. Resources of the Sea Floor.” Science (New York, N.Y.) 299, no. 5607 (January 31, 2003): 673–74.

A journal article with 2 authors

Diaz, R. E., and T. Sebastian. “Electromagnetic Limits to Radiofrequency (RF) Neuronal Telemetry.” Scientific Reports 3 (December 18, 2013): 3535.

A journal article with 3 authors

Nakatsuji, Satoru, Naoki Kiyohara, and Tomoya Higo. “Large Anomalous Hall Effect in a Non-Collinear Antiferromagnet at Room Temperature.” Nature 527, no. 7577 (November 12, 2015): 212–15.

A journal article with 11 or more authors

Amieva, Manuel R., Roger Vogelmann, Antonello Covacci, Lucy S. Tompkins, W. James Nelson, and Stanley Falkow. “Disruption of the Epithelial Apical-Junctional Complex by Helicobacter Pylori CagA.” Science (New York, N.Y.) 300, no. 5624 (May 30, 2003): 1430–34.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Chin, Wilson. Reservoir Engineering in Modern Oilfields. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2016.

An edited book

Wiak, Sławomir, Andrzej Krawczyk, and Ivo Dolezel, eds. Intelligent Computer Techniques in Applied Electromagnetics. Vol. 119. Studies in Computational Intelligence. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer, 2008.

A chapter in an edited book

Platte, Daniel, Shangjing Jing, Ralf Sommer, and Erich Barke. “Improving Efficiency and Robustness of Analog Behavioral Models.” In Advances in Design and Specification Languages for Embedded Systems: Selected Contributions from FDL’06, edited by Sorin A. Huss, 53–68. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2007.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Eastern African Studies.

Blog post

Taub, Ben. “Quitting Smoking Reverses Dopamine Deficits In The Brain.” IFLScience. IFLScience, August 1, 2016.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. “The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Organization Organic Act.” Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office, April 18, 1978.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Bubert, Edward A. “Highly Extensible Skin for a Variable Wing-Span Morphing Aircraft Utilizing Pneumatic Artificial Muscle Actuation.” Doctoral dissertation, University of Maryland, College Park, 2009.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Kelly, Kate. “Trump Has Stocks Up. Some Funds Are Leery.” New York Times, March 5, 2017.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Eastern African Studies
Abbreviation	J. East. Afr. Stud.
ISSN (print)	1753-1055
ISSN (online)	1753-1063
Scope	History Sociology and Political Science Anthropology Cultural Studies Political Science and International Relations