How to format your references using the Journal of Earth System Science citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Earth System Science. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Legenstein, Robert. 2015. Computer science: Nanoscale connections for brain-like circuits. Nature 521: 37–38.

A journal article with 2 authors

Schwander, Tanja, and Laurent Keller. 2008. Genetic compatibility affects queen and worker caste determination. Science (New York, N.Y.) 322: 552.

A journal article with 3 authors

Reyes, Nicolas, Christopher Ginter, and Olga Boudker. 2009. Transport mechanism of a bacterial homologue of glutamate transporters. Nature 462: 880–885.

A journal article with 11 or more authors

Tzur, Amit, Ran Kafri, Valerie S. LeBleu, Galit Lahav, and Marc W. Kirschner. 2009. Cell growth and size homeostasis in proliferating animal cells. Science (New York, N.Y.) 325: 167–171.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Randall, Julian F. 2006. Designing Indoor Solar Products. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

An edited book

Ravi, S. S., and Sandeep K. Shukla, ed. 2009. Fundamental Problems in Computing: Essays in Honor of Professor Daniel J. Rosenkrantz. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands.

A chapter in an edited book

Miclaus, Gratian Dragoslav, and Horia Ples. 2014. Coronary Angiography. In Atlas of CT Angiography: Normal and Pathologic Findings, ed. Horia Ples, 85–129. Cham: Springer International Publishing.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Earth System Science.

Blog post

Andrew, Elise. 2015. Eastern Quolls To Be Finally Reintroduced To Mainland Australia After 50 Years Of Extinction. IFLScience. IFLScience. May 17.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. 2008. Digital Television Transition: Broadcasters’ Transition Status, Low-Power Station Issues, and Information on Consumer Awareness of the DTV Transition. GAO-08-881T. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Hammarsten, Carl. 2015. Decorated Heegaard Diagrams and Combinatorial Heegaard Floer Homology. Doctoral dissertation, Washington, DC: George Washington University.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Feeney, Kelly. 2006. Endless Options in a Wrap. New York Times, November 11.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Legenstein 2015).
This sentence cites two references (Schwander and Keller 2008; Legenstein 2015).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Schwander and Keller 2008)
Three or more authors: (Tzur et al. 2009)

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Earth System Science
ISSN (print)	0253-4126
ISSN (online)	0973-774X
Scope