How to format your references using the Journal of Compassionate Health Care citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Compassionate Health Care. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

1. Zimmerman PD. Science since 9/11: Homeland insecurity. Nature. 2011;477:153–4.

A journal article with 2 authors

1. Irion U, St Johnston D. bicoid RNA localization requires specific binding of an endosomal sorting complex. Nature. 2007;445:554–8.

A journal article with 3 authors

1. Choi W-Y, Giraldez AJ, Schier AF. Target protectors reveal dampening and balancing of Nodal agonist and antagonist by miR-430. Science. 2007;318:271–4.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

1. Rossato JI, Bevilaqua LRM, Izquierdo I, Medina JH, Cammarota M. Dopamine controls persistence of long-term memory storage. Science. 2009;325:1017–20.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

1. Dinçer İ, Zamfirescu C. Drying Phenomena. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd; 2015.

An edited book

1. Aguirre AH, Borja RM, Garciá CAR, editors. MICAI 2009: Advances in Artificial Intelligence: 8th Mexican International Conference on Artificial Intelligence, Guanajuato, México, November 9-13, 2009. Proceedings. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2009.

A chapter in an edited book

1. Deepak P, Deshpande PM. Categorizing Operators. In: Deshpande PM, editor. Operators for Similarity Search: Semantics, Techniques and Usage Scenarios. Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2015. p. 33–53.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Compassionate Health Care.

Blog post

1. Andrews R. Burning All Our Fossil Fuels Will Scorch The Earth And Obliterate The Arctic [Internet]. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2016 [cited 2018 Oct 30]. Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/environment/burning-all-our-fossil-fuels-will-scorch-earth-and-obliterate-arctic/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

1. Government Accountability Office. Federal Research: Assessment of the Financial Audit for SEMATECH’s Activities in 1988. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1990 Feb. Report No.: RCED-90-35.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

1. Griffin MG. The lived experience of first line managers during planned organizational change: A phenomenological study of one firm in the residential construction industry [Doctoral dissertation]. [Washington, DC]: George Washington University; 2008.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

1. Vecsey G. Settled in the City, But Still in a Hurry Every Weekend. New York Times. 2010 Sep 16;B18.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Compassionate Health Care
Abbreviation	J. Compassionate Health Care
ISSN (online)	2053-2393
Scope