How to format your references using the Journal of Clinical Oncology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Clinical Oncology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

1. Schoof C: Ice-sheet acceleration driven by melt supply variability. Nature 468:803–806, 2010

A journal article with 2 authors

1. Dotto GP, Cotsarelis G: Developmental biology. Rac1 up for epidermal stem cells. Science 309:890–891, 2005

A journal article with 3 authors

1. Meyer zu Heringdorf FJ, Reuter MC, Tromp RM: Growth dynamics of pentacene thin films. Nature 412:517–520, 2001

A journal article with 4 or more authors

1. Anderson RM, Bitterman KJ, Wood JG, et al: Nicotinamide and PNC1 govern lifespan extension by calorie restriction in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Nature 423:181–185, 2003

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

1. Schumann W: Dynamics of the Bacterial Chromosome. Weinheim, FRG, Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 2006

An edited book

1. Kim T-H, Stoica A, Chang R-S (eds): Security-Enriched Urban Computing and Smart Grid: First International Conference, SUComS 2010, Daejeon, Korea, September 15-17, 2010. Proceedings. Berlin, Heidelberg, Springer, 2010

A chapter in an edited book

1. Mas-Coma S, Bargues MD, Valero MA: Fascioliasis, in Bruschi F (ed): Helminth Infections and their Impact on Global Public Health. Vienna, Springer, 2014, pp 93–122

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Clinical Oncology.

Blog post

1. Andrew E: Artificial Whiskers Could Inspire Future Instruments To Aid Keyhole Surgery [Internet]. IFLScience , 2015[cited 2018 Oct 30] Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/artificial-whiskers-could-inspire-future-instruments-aid-keyhole-surgery/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

1. Government Accountability Office: Year 2000 Computing Crisis: Actions Must Be Taken Now to Address Slow Pace of Federal Progress. Washington, DC, U.S. Government Printing Office, 1998

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

1. Wright JL: Shade Tolerance and Physiological Response to Light Regime of the Invasive Species Lonicera maackii (Amur honeysuckle), 2015

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

1. Kelly D: Man of War. New York Times BR11, 2014

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in superscript:

This sentence cites one reference ¹.
This sentence cites two references ^{1, 2}.
This sentence cites four references ^1–4.

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Clinical Oncology
Abbreviation	J. Clin. Oncol.
ISSN (print)	0732-183X
ISSN (online)	1527-7755
Scope	Cancer Research Oncology