How to format your references using the Journal of Clinical and Experimental Hepatology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Clinical and Experimental Hepatology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Lewontin R. Evolution. Retrospective: in memory of John Maynard Smith (1920-2004). Science. 2004;304(5673):979.

A journal article with 2 authors

Ranta E, Kaitala V. Ecology. A leap for lion populations. Science. 2005;307(5708):365-366.

A journal article with 3 authors

Nisbet EG, Dlugokencky EJ, Bousquet P. Atmospheric science. Methane on the rise--again. Science. 2014;343(6170):493-495.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Preston LA, Creager KC, Crosson RS, Brocher TM, Trehu AM. Intraslab earthquakes: dehydration of the Cascadia slab. Science. 2003;302(5648):1197-1200.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Mastro M. Financial Derivative and Energy Market Valuation. John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 2013.

An edited book

Niinemets Ü, Monson RK, eds. Biology, Controls and Models of Tree Volatile Organic Compound Emissions. Vol 5. Springer Netherlands; 2013.

A chapter in an edited book

Baltzakis H, Argyros A, Lourakis M, Trahanias P. Tracking of Human Hands and Faces through Probabilistic Fusion of Multiple Visual Cues. In: Gasteratos A, Vincze M, Tsotsos JK, eds. Computer Vision Systems: 6th International Conference, ICVS 2008 Santorini, Greece, May 12-15, 2008 Proceedings. Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Springer; 2008:33-42.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Clinical and Experimental Hepatology.

Blog post

Andrew E. Polar Bears:Climate Change Is A Bigger Threat Than Trophy Hunting. IFLScience. May 12, 2016. Accessed October 30, 2018. https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/polar-bearsclimate-change-bigger-threat-trophy-hunting/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Problems in the Administration of Third-Party Funds under the Vocational Rehabilitation Program in Indiana. U.S. Government Printing Office; 1976.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Williams RN. Inclusive Classrooms: A Basic Qualitative Study of K-8 Urban Charter School Teachers. Doctoral dissertation. Capella University; 2017.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Walsh MW. Team of 7 From Finance and Law to Oversee Puerto Rico’s Fiscal Affairs. New York Times. September 1, 2016:B3.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in superscript:

This sentence cites one reference ¹.
This sentence cites two references ^1,2.
This sentence cites four references ^1–4.

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Clinical and Experimental Hepatology
Abbreviation	J. Clin. Exp. Hepatol.
ISSN (print)	0973-6883
Scope