How to format your references using the Journal of Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

1. Hook J. Mathematics. Exploring musical space. Science. 2006;313:49–50.

A journal article with 2 authors

1. French SW, Romanowicz B. Broad plumes rooted at the base of the Earth’s mantle beneath major hotspots. Nature. 2015;525:95–9.

A journal article with 3 authors

1. Villeneuve J, Chaussidon M, Libourel G. Homogeneous distribution of 26Al in the solar system from the Mg isotopic composition of chondrules. Science. 2009;325:985–8.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

1. Lawrence A, Clark L, Labuzetta JN, Sahakian B, Vyakarnum S. The innovative brain. Nature. 2008;456:168–9.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

1. Maguire L, Smith E. 30 Great Myths about Shakespeare. Oxford, UK: Blackwell Publishing Ltd.; 2012.

An edited book

1. Novick AC, Stephen Jones J, Gill IS, Klein EA, Rackley R, Ross JH, editors. Operative Urology at the Cleveland Clinic. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press; 2006.

A chapter in an edited book

1. Dhillon SK, Paunoo B, Sidhu AS. Framework for Biodiversity Information Retrieval in Malaysia. In: Sidhu AS, Dhillon SK, editors. Advances in Biomedical Infrastructure 2013: Proceedings of International Symposium on Biomedical Data Infrastructure (BDI 2013). Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2013. p. 15–24.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance.

Blog post

1. Andrew E. Six Italian Scientists Acquitted of Manslaughter From 2009 Earthquake. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2014.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

1. Government Accountability Office. Current National Issues Involving Science and Technology. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1979 Nov. Report No.: 094310.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

1. Gao S. Characterization of the TAT cell penetrating peptide and directed evolution of new cell penetrating peptides for protein and nucleotide delivery to neuronal -like cells [Doctoral dissertation]. [New York, NY]: Columbia University; 2009.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

1. Pilon M. Eat, Stretch, Turn Off Your Cellphone. New York Times. 2014 Jun 22;TR1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance
Abbreviation	J. Cardiovasc. Magn. Reson.
ISSN (online)	1532-429X
Scope	Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine Family Practice Radiology Nuclear Medicine and imaging Radiological and Ultrasound Technology

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