How to format your references using the Journal of Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

1. Spielman IB. Physics. Assembling a complex quantum ensemble. Science. 2015;348:185–6.

A journal article with 2 authors

1. Kim TW, Choi K-S. Nanoporous BiVO4 photoanodes with dual-layer oxygen evolution catalysts for solar water splitting. Science. 2014;343:990–4.

A journal article with 3 authors

1. Oh JS, Susor A, Conti M. Protein tyrosine kinase Wee1B is essential for metaphase II exit in mouse oocytes. Science. 2011;332:462–5.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

1. Wikelski M, Wong V, Chevalier B, Rattenborg N, Snell HL. Marine iguanas die from trace oil pollution. Nature. 2002;417:607–8.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

1. Grinshpan L. Solving Enterprise Applications Performance Puzzles. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 2012.

An edited book

1. Lee S-W, Li SZ, editors. Advances in Biometrics: International Conference, ICB 2007, Seoul, Korea, August 27-29, 2007. Proceedings. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2007.

A chapter in an edited book

1. Moritz N, Goetze S, Appell J-E. Ambient Voice Control for a Personal Activity and Household Assistant. In: Wichert R, Eberhardt B, editors. Ambient Assisted Living: 4 AAL-Kongress 2011, Berlin, Germany, January 25–26, 2011. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2011. p. 63–74.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance.

Blog post

1. Hale T. Russia Might Ban Tobacco For Anyone Born After 2014 [Internet]. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2017 [cited 2018 Oct 30]. Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/russia-might-ban-tobacco-for-anyone-born-after-2014/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

1. Government Accountability Office. Alternatives for Funding a GI Bill. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1981 Sep. Report No.: FPCD-81-45.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

1. Guzman F. Terra Forming with You and Me [Doctoral dissertation]. [Long Beach, CA]: California State University, Long Beach; 2013.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

1. Shear MD. An Attack Changes the Conversation as the President Travels On to Europe. New York Times. 2017 May 23;A9.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance
Abbreviation	J. Cardiovasc. Magn. Reson.
ISSN (online)	1532-429X
Scope	Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine Family Practice Radiology Nuclear Medicine and imaging Radiological and Ultrasound Technology

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