How to format your references using the Journal of Cancer Research and Therapeutics citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Cancer Research and Therapeutics. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Willyard C. Screening: Early alert. Nature. 2015 May 14;521(7551):S4-5.

A journal article with 2 authors

Lavier LL, Manatschal G. A mechanism to thin the continental lithosphere at magma-poor margins. Nature. 2006 Mar 16;440(7082):324–8.

A journal article with 3 authors

Hamlin JK, Wynn K, Bloom P. Social evaluation by preverbal infants. Nature. 2007 Nov 22;450(7169):557–9.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Chen M, Wang YH, Wang Y, Huang L, Sandoval H, Liu YJ, et al. Dendritic cell apoptosis in the maintenance of immune tolerance. Science. 2006 Feb 24;311(5764):1160–4.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Jaffe J. Flip the Funnel. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 2010.

An edited book

Raman M. Probiotics and Bioactive Carbohydrates in Colon Cancer Management. Ambalam P, Doble M, editors. New Delhi: Springer India; 2016. XIII, 124 p. 26 illus., 12 illus. in color.

A chapter in an edited book

Gilbert JK, Justi R. Approaches to Modelling-Based Teaching. In: Justi R, editor. Modelling-based Teaching in Science Education. Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2016. p. 57–80. (Models and Modeling in Science Education).

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Cancer Research and Therapeutics.

Blog post

Andrew E. Large Hadron Collider Is Back To Change Our Understanding Of The Universe … Again [Internet]. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2015 [cited 2018 Oct 30]. Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/physics/large-hadron-collider-back-change-our-understanding-universe-again/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Test and Evaluation: DOD Has Been Slow In Improving Testing of Software-Intensive Systems. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1993 Sep. Report No.: NSIAD-93-198.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Hoffer H. Aesthetics of destruction: Music and the worldview of Ikari Shinji in “Neon Genesis Evangelion” [Doctoral dissertation]. [Tucson, AZ]: University of Arizona; 2012.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Grynbaum MM, Ember S. Who Will Inherit the Throne at Vanity Fair? New York Times. 2017 Sep 15;B3.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Cancer Research and Therapeutics
Abbreviation	J. Cancer Res. Ther.
ISSN (print)	0973-1482
ISSN (online)	1998-4138
Scope	General Medicine Oncology Radiology Nuclear Medicine and imaging